| Clinical purpose |
Measures procalcitonin in blood to support assessment of suspected systemic bacterial infection and sepsis. |
The result is used together with symptoms, physical findings, cultures, imaging, and other laboratory tests. |
PCT is an aid to clinical decision-making and should not be used as the sole basis for starting or stopping antimicrobial therapy. |
| Specimen type |
Collect venous blood according to the instructions for the selected assay; serum or plasma may be required depending on the method. |
Specimen requirements, minimum volume, tube type, storage temperature, and stability period are assay-specific. |
Correct patient identification and proper specimen handling are essential because hemolysis, insufficient volume, or unsuitable storage can affect results. |
| Testing principle |
Most laboratory PCT kits use an immunoassay in which antibodies bind to procalcitonin and generate a measurable signal. |
Common platforms include automated chemiluminescent, electrochemiluminescent, fluorescent, or other quantitative immunoassay systems. |
The analyzer calculates the concentration from a calibration curve and reports the result in the unit specified by the assay, commonly ng/mL. |
| Main laboratory steps |
Prepare the specimen, load reagents and controls, identify the sample, run the assay, review analyzer flags, and release the verified result. |
The workflow may be performed in a central laboratory or, when validated, in a near-patient testing environment. |
Staff should follow the kit instructions, laboratory procedures, biosafety rules, and analyzer-specific operating requirements. |
| Result reporting |
Report the numerical PCT concentration, measurement unit, reference or decision information, and any relevant specimen or analyzer comments. |
A quantitative result is generally more useful for monitoring trends than a single isolated value. |
The laboratory report should identify the assay method and indicate that decision limits may vary by clinical setting and assay validation. |
| Common interpretive bands |
Use locally approved clinical algorithms rather than applying a universal cutoff to every patient. |
0.1–0.5 ng/mL: intermediate range in some protocols
>0.5 ng/mL: may indicate increased likelihood of significant bacterial infection
|
These bands are examples used in some clinical protocols, not universal diagnostic thresholds. Severe localized infection, early infection, trauma, surgery, burns, or other conditions may alter PCT levels. |
| Turnaround time |
The kit can support rapid reporting when the laboratory has an appropriate analyzer, trained personnel, and an established workflow. |
Actual turnaround time depends on batching, sample transport, analyzer workload, quality-control status, and laboratory policy. |
A rapid result is valuable only when analytical performance and result verification are maintained. |
| Calibration |
Perform calibration as required by the assay instructions, after defined reagent changes, or when quality-control results indicate a problem. |
Calibration establishes the relationship between instrument signal and PCT concentration. |
Calibration frequency and acceptance criteria are method-specific and must be documented by the laboratory. |
| Quality control |
Run appropriate control materials at defined intervals and whenever required by laboratory policy or the assay instructions. |
Control results are reviewed against established acceptable ranges before patient results are released. |
Patient testing should be investigated or paused when controls are outside acceptable limits or when analyzer error flags occur. |
| Advantages of a laboratory kit |
Provides a standardized, quantitative procedure suitable for routine testing, repeat measurement, and integration with laboratory records. |
Laboratories can monitor precision, compare serial results, maintain documentation, and apply established verification procedures. |
The selected kit should be evaluated for analytical sensitivity, precision, measuring range, interference, method comparison, and intended use. |
| Limitations |
PCT results may be affected by the timing of infection, antimicrobial treatment, major surgery, trauma, burns, prolonged cardiogenic shock, and certain non-bacterial conditions. |
A low result does not always exclude infection, particularly during the early phase or in localized infections. |
Interpretation must consider the complete clinical picture and should be guided by qualified healthcare professionals and current institutional protocols. |