Ƙungiyar Tsakanin Kumburin Gut, Tsufa, da Cututtukan Cutar Alzheimer

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, alaƙar da ke tsakanin ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji da cututtukan jijiyoyi ta zama ruwan dare gama gari a binciken. Shaidu da yawa sun nuna cewa kumburin hanji (kamar zubar da ciki da dysbiosis) na iya shafar ci gaban cututtukan neurodegenerative, musamman cutar Alzheimer (AD), ta hanyar "axis na hanji-kwakwalwa". Wannan labarin yana sake duba yadda kumburin hanji ke ƙaruwa da shekaru kuma yana bincika yuwuwar alaƙarsa da cututtukan AD (kamar β-amyloid deposition da neuroinflammation), yana ba da sabbin dabaru don fara maganin AD.

1. Gabatarwa

Cutar Alzheimer (AD) ita ce cuta mafi yawan cututtukan jijiyoyi, wadda ke da alamun β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques da hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Duk da cewa abubuwan da ke haifar da kwayoyin halitta (misali, APOE4) manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da AD ne, tasirin muhalli (misali, abinci, lafiyar hanji) na iya taimakawa wajen ci gaban AD ta hanyar kumburi mai ɗorewa. Gut, a matsayin babbar gaɓar garkuwar jiki, na iya yin tasiri ga lafiyar kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi da dama, musamman a lokacin tsufa.

2. Kumburin hanji da Tsufa

2.1 Rage aikin shingen hanji sakamakon tsufa
Da tsufa, ingancin shingen hanji yana raguwa, wanda ke haifar da "zubar da hanji", yana ba da damar ƙwayoyin cuta (kamar lipopolysaccharide, LPS) su shiga cikin zagayawar jini, wanda ke haifar da kumburi mai ƙarancin ƙarfi. Bincike ya nuna cewa bambancin ƙwayoyin hanji a cikin tsofaffi yana raguwa, ƙwayoyin cuta masu kumburi (kamar Proteobacteria) suna ƙaruwa, kuma ƙwayoyin cuta masu hana kumburi (kamar Bifidobacterium) suna raguwa, wanda ke ƙara ta'azzara martanin kumburi.

2.2 Abubuwan da ke haifar da kumburi da tsufa
Kumburi mai tsanani mai ƙarancin ƙarfi ("tsufa mai kumburi", Kumburi) muhimmin siffa ne na tsufa. Abubuwan kumburi na hanji (kamar suIL-6, TNF-α) na iya shiga kwakwalwa ta hanyar zagayawar jini, kunna ƙwayoyin cuta, haɓaka kumburin jijiyoyi, da kuma hanzarta tsarin cututtukan AD.

da kuma inganta kumburin jijiyoyi, ta haka ne ke hanzarta cututtukan AD.

3. Alaƙar da ke Tsakanin Kumburin Gut da Cututtukan Cutar Alzheimer

3.1 Dysbiosis na Gut da kuma Aβ Deposition

Samfuran dabbobi sun nuna cewa matsalar flora na hanji na iya ƙara yawan Aβ. Misali, beraye da aka yi wa maganin rigakafi sun rage alamun Aβ, yayin da matakan Aβ ke ƙaruwa a cikin beraye masu dysbiosis. Wasu ƙwayoyin cuta (kamar fatty acids na gajerun sarƙoƙi, SCFAs) na iya shafar sharewar Aβ ta hanyar daidaita aikin microglial.

3.2 Tsarin Ciki da Kwakwalwa da Kumburin Jijiyoyi

Kumburi na hanji na iya shafar kwakwalwa ta hanyar vagal, tsarin garkuwar jiki, da hanyoyin rayuwa:

• Hanyar vagal: Ana aika siginar kumburi ta hanji ta hanyar jijiyar vagus zuwa CNS, wanda ke shafar aikin hippocampal da prefrontal cortex.
• Kumburi na tsarin jiki: Abubuwan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar LPS suna kunna ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta kuma suna haɓaka kumburin jijiyoyi, suna ƙara tau pathology da lalacewar jijiyoyi.
• Tasirin metabolism: dysbiosis na hanji na iya shafar metabolism na tryptophan, wanda ke haifar da rashin daidaituwa a cikin neurotransmitters (misali, 5-HT) kuma yana shafar aikin fahimta.

3.3 Shaidar Asibiti

• Marasa lafiya da ke fama da AD suna da bambancin tsarin ƙwayoyin hanji fiye da tsofaffi masu lafiya, misali, rabon da ba shi da kyau na phylum mai kauri/Maganin ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Matakan LPS a jini suna da alaƙa mai kyau da tsananin AD.
• Hanyoyin hana shan ƙwayoyin cuta (misali Bifidobacterium bifidum) suna rage yawan sinadarin Aβ da kuma inganta aikin fahimi a cikin samfuran dabbobi.

4. Dabaru Masu Yiwuwa na Shiga Tsakani

Gyaran abinci: cin abinci mai yawan zare, na Bahar Rum zai iya haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani da kuma rage kumburi.

1. Probiotics/Prebiotics: kari tare da takamaiman nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta (misali, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) na iya inganta aikin shingen hanji.
2. Maganin hana kumburi: magungunan da ke kai hari ga kumburin hanji (misali, masu hana TLR4) na iya rage ci gaban AD.
3. Tsarin rayuwa: motsa jiki da rage damuwa na iya kiyaye daidaiton ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin hanji

5. Kammalawa da Ra'ayoyi na Gaba

Kumburin hanji yana ƙaruwa da shekaru kuma yana iya taimakawa wajen haifar da cututtukan AD ta hanyar tsarin hanji da kwakwalwa. Nazarin da za a yi nan gaba ya kamata ya ƙara fayyace alaƙar da ke tsakanin takamaiman flora da AD da kuma bincika dabarun rigakafi da magani na AD bisa ga tsarin kula da flora na hanji. Bincike a wannan fanni na iya samar da sabbin manufofi don fara shiga tsakani a cikin cututtukan neurodegenerative.

Xiamen Baysen Medical We Baysen Medical koyaushe tana mai da hankali kan dabarun gano cututtuka don inganta rayuwar mutane. Mun ƙirƙiro dandamali guda 5 na fasaha - Latex, zinariyar colloidal, gwajin Fluorescence Immunochromatographic, Molecular, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay. Muna mai da hankali kan lafiyar hanji, da kuma tsarinmu.Gwajin CAL ana amfani da shi don gano kumburi a cikin hanji.

Nassoshi:

1. Vogt, NM, da sauransu (2017). “Canje-canje a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji a cikin cutar Alzheimer.”Rahotannin Kimiyya.
2. Dodiya, HB, da sauransu (2020). “Kumburin hanji mai tsanani yana ƙara ta'azzara cututtukan tau a cikin samfurin beraye na cutar Alzheimer.”Ilimin Jiki na Halitta.
3. Franceschi, C., da sauransu (2018). “Kumburi: sabon ra'ayi na rigakafi da metabolism don cututtukan da suka shafi shekaru.”Sharhin Yanayi Endocrinology.