ʻO ka hui ma waena o ka ʻeha ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ka ʻelemakule, a me ka maʻi maʻi Alzheimer

I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua lilo ka pilina ma waena o ka microbiota gut a me nā maʻi neurological i wahi wela noiʻi. Ke hōʻike nei ka nui aʻe o nā hōʻike e pili ana i ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū (e like me ka leaky gut a me ka dysbiosis) i ka holomua o nā maʻi neurodegenerative, ʻoi aku ka maʻi o Alzheimer (AD), ma o ka "gut-brain axis". Hōʻike kēia ʻatikala i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mumū o ka ʻōpū me ka makahiki a e ʻimi i kona hui pū ʻana me AD pathology (e like me ka β-amyloid deposition a me neuroinflammation), e hāʻawi ana i nā manaʻo hou no ka hana mua ʻana o AD.

1. Hoʻolauna

ʻO ka maʻi o Alzheimer (AD) ka maʻi neurodegenerative maʻamau, i hōʻike ʻia e nā β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques a me hyperphosphorylated tau protein. ʻOiai ʻo nā kumu genetic (e laʻa, APOE4) he mau kumu pilikia nui o AD, hiki i nā hopena o ke kaiapuni (e laʻa, ka ʻai, ke olakino ʻōpū) hiki ke kōkua pū i ka piʻi ʻana o AD ma o ka mumū mau. ʻO ka ʻōpū, ʻo ia ke kino nui loa o ke kino, hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ke olakino o ka lolo ma o nā ala he nui, ʻoiai i ka wā ʻelemakule.

2. ʻO ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻelemakule

2.1 Ka emi ʻana o nā makahiki e pili ana i ka hana pale ʻōpū
Me ka makahiki, e emi ana ka pono o ka pale ʻōpū, e alakaʻi ana i ka "leaky gut", e ʻae ana i nā metabolites bacterial (e like me lipopolysaccharide, LPS) e komo i ke kahe koko, e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻōnaehana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina i ka emi ʻana o ka ʻokoʻa o ka flora intestinal i ka poʻe ʻelemakule, ka piʻi ʻana o ka bacteria pro-inflammatory (e like me Proteobacteria), a me ka emi ʻana o ka bacteria anti-inflammatory (e like me Bifidobacterium), e hoʻonui hou i ka pane inflammatory.

2.2 Nā mea hoʻoulu a me ka ʻelemakule
ʻO ka maʻi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ("inflammatory aging", Inflammaging) kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o ka ʻelemakule. ʻO nā kumu hoʻonaʻauao o ka ʻōpū (e like meIL-6, TNF-α) hiki ke komo i ka lolo ma o ke kahe koko, ho'āla i ka microglia, hoʻoikaika i ka neuroinflammation, a hoʻonui i ke kaʻina hana pathological o AD.

a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka neuroinflammation, a laila e hoʻolōʻihi i ka maʻi maʻi AD.

3. ʻO ka loulou ma waena o ka maʻi ʻāʻī a me ka maʻi maʻi Alzheimer

3.1 Gut Dysbiosis a me Aβ Deposition

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano hoʻohālike holoholona e hiki ke hoʻonui i ka waiho ʻana o Aβ i ka ulu ʻana o nā pua. No ka laʻana, ua hōʻemi nā ʻiole i mālama ʻia i ka antibiotic i nā pā Aβ, ʻoiai ua hoʻonui ʻia nā pae Aβ i nā ʻiole me ka dysbiosis. Hiki i kekahi mau metabolites bacteria (e like me nā ʻakika momona kaulahao pōkole, SCFA) hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe Aβ ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana microglial.

3.2 ʻO ke Axis Gut-Brain a me Neuroinflammation

Hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka lolo ma o ka vagal, immune system, a me nā ala metabolic:

• Alanui Vagal: Hoʻouna ʻia nā hōʻailona inflammatory intestinal ma o ke aʻalolo vagus i ka CNS, e pili ana i ka hana hippocampal a me ka prefrontal cortex.
• Pūnaehana ʻōnaehana: ʻO nā mea bacterial e like me LPS e hoʻāla i ka microglia a hoʻoikaika i ka neuroinflammation, hoʻonui i ka pathology tau a me ka pōʻino neuronal.
• Nā hopena metabolic: hiki i ka dysbiosis o ka ʻōpū ke hoʻopilikia i ka metabolism tryptophan, e alakaʻi ana i nā imbalances i nā neurotransmitters (e laʻa, 5-HT) a pili i ka hana cognitive.

3.3 Nā hōʻike hōʻike kino

• ʻOkoʻa loa ka haku mele ʻana o ka ʻōpū o ka poʻe maʻi me AD ma mua o ka poʻe ʻelemakule olakino, e laʻa, ka ratio like ʻole o ka Thick-walled phylum/Antibacterial phylum.
• Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia nā pae koko o LPS me ka paʻakikī AD.
• ʻO nā hana probiotic (e like me Bifidobacterium bifidum) e hōʻemi i ka waiho ʻana o Aβ a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana cognitive i nā ʻano holoholona.

4. Nā Kūlana Kūlana Kūikawā

Hoʻololi i ka meaʻai: hiki i ka meaʻai kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻoikaika i ka ulu ʻana o nā hua bacteria maikaʻi a hoʻemi i ka mumū.

1. Probiotics/Prebiotics: hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana o ka ʻōpū o ka maʻi maʻi (e laʻa, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium).
2. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau anti-inflammatory: hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke kuhikuhi i ka mumū o ka ʻōpū (e laʻa, TLR4 inhibitors) hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka piʻi ʻana o AD.
3. Nā hana ola: hiki i ka hoʻoikaika kino a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kaumaha ke mālama i ke koena o ka pua

5. Ka hopena a me nā manaʻo e hiki mai ana

Piʻi ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū me ka makahiki a hiki ke kōkua i ka maʻi maʻi AD ma o ka axis gut-brain. Pono nā haʻawina e hiki mai ana e wehewehe i ka pilina kumu ma waena o nā flora kikoʻī a me AD a e ʻimi i nā hoʻolālā pale a me ka mālama ʻana o AD e pili ana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka flora gut. Hiki i ka noiʻi ʻana ma kēia wahi ke hāʻawi i nā pahuhopu hou no ka hana mua ʻana i nā maʻi neurodegenerative.

ʻO Xiamen Baysen Medical We Baysen Medical e kālele mau ana i ka ʻenehana diagnostic e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola. Ua hoʻomohala mākou i nā ʻenehana ʻenehana 5- Latex, colloidal gula, Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, Molecular, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay. Kūleʻa mākou i ke olakino ʻōpū, a me kā mākouhoao CAL hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻike ʻana i ka mumū ma ka ʻōpū.

Kuhikuhi:

1. Vogt, NM, et al. (2017). "Ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka microbiome i ka maʻi o Alzheimer."Nā Hōʻike ʻepekema.
2. Dodiya, HB, et al. (2020). "ʻO ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū maʻamau e hoʻonui i ka pathology o ka ʻiole o ka maʻi o Alzheimer."Nature Neuroscience.
3. Franceschi, C., et al. (2018). "Inflammaging: kahi ʻike immune-metabolic hou no nā maʻi pili makahiki."Nānā Natura Endocrinology.