Kev kuaj dawb Prostate-Specific Antigen (f-PSA) yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev kuaj mob urological niaj hnub, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ntsuas nuanced ntawm kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav. Nws qhov tseem ceeb tsis yog ib qho kev tshuaj ntsuam ib leeg tab sis yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv rau tag nrho PSA (t-PSA) kev sim, txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm kev kuaj mob thiab coj cov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb, feem ntau los ntawm kev pab kom tsis txhob muaj cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam tsis tsim nyog.

Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav prostate yog qhov tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm t-PSA. Kev nce qib t-PSA (ib txwm> 4 ng / mL) tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob qog nqaij hlav prostate, tab sis kuj yog los ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo xws li Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) thiab prostatitis. Qhov no tsim ib qho tseem ceeb "diagnostic grey zone," tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau t-PSA qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 4 thiab 10 ng / mL. Rau cov txiv neej nyob rau hauv no ntau yam, kev txiav txim siab seb puas yuav mus rau ib tug prostate biopsy - ib tug invasive txheej txheem uas muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai xws li los ntshav, kis kab mob, thiab tsis xis nyob - yuav nyuaj. Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no uas qhov kev xeem f-PSA ua pov thawj nws tus nqi tseem ceeb.

Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm f-PSA yog nyob rau hauv nws lub peev xwm los kho qhov kev ntsuam xyuas kev pheej hmoo los ntawm f-PSA rau t-PSA piv (feem pua ​​​​psa dawb). Biochemically, PSA muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav hauv ob hom: khi rau cov proteins thiab dawb. Kev tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua tau pom tias qhov feem ntawm f-PSA qis dua hauv cov txiv neej uas mob qog noj ntshav prostate piv rau cov neeg uas muaj BPH. Cov hlwb tsis zoo yuav tsim PSA uas nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab ua kom yooj yim khi, ua rau qis feem pua ​​​​ntawm daim ntawv dawb. Hloov pauv, feem ntau ntawm f-PSA feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog benign o.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm biochemical no yog leveraged kho mob los xam cov feem pua ​​​​PSA dawb. Qhov feem pua ​​​​tsis pub dawb PSA (piv txwv li, qis dua 10-15%, nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv) qhia tias muaj feem ntau ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav prostate thiab ua pov thawj pom zoo rau kev kuaj mob prostate. Hloov pauv, qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm PSA dawb (piv txwv li, siab dua 20-25%) qhia tias qhov yuav muaj mob qog noj ntshav tsawg dua, qhia tias qhov nce siab ntawm t-PSA yuav muaj ntau dua vim BPH. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem pom zoo kom muaj lub tswv yim ntawm kev soj ntsuam xyuas - nrog rau kev kuaj PSA rov qab thiab kuaj lub qhov quav digital lub sijhawm - tsis yog kev kuaj ntshav tam sim.

Yog li ntawd, ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev kuaj f-PSA yog qhov txo qis hauv qhov tsis tsim nyog ntawm kev kuaj mob prostate. Los ntawm kev muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxub ntxaug no, qhov kev sim no pab tiv thaiv ntau tus txiv neej los ntawm kev ua cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam uas lawv tsis xav tau, yog li txo qis tus neeg mob, txo cov nqi kho mob, thiab txo qhov kev ntxhov siab tseem ceeb cuam tshuam nrog kev kuaj ntshav thiab tos rau nws cov txiaj ntsig.

Tshaj li qhov classic 4-10 ng / mL grey cheeb tsam, f-PSA kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej: rau cov txiv neej uas pheej pheej nce t-PSA txawm tias yav dhau los tsis zoo biopsy, lossis txawm rau cov uas muaj t-PSA ib txwm tab sis kev kuaj mob hauv qhov quav. Nws tau nce ntxiv rau hauv ntau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas rau kev ntsuas ntau dua.

Hauv kev xaus, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xeem f-PSA tsis tuaj yeem hais ntau dhau. Nws hloov pauv qhov tsis zoo, tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb t-PSA tshwm sim rau hauv cov cuab yeej tshuaj ntsuam xyuas muaj zog dua thiab ntse. Los ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev pheej hmoo stratification nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam kuaj mob grey, nws txhawb cov kws kho mob kom paub ntau ntxiv, kev txiav txim siab raws li pov thawj, thaum kawg ua kom zoo rau cov neeg mob los ntawm kev nyab xeeb txo qis kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob ntau dhau thaum ua kom cov txiv neej muaj kev pheej hmoo siab raug txheeb xyuas thiab biopsied tam sim ntawd.