Njikọ dị n'etiti mbufụt afọ, ịka nká, na ọrịa Alzheimer

N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nje bacteria na ọrịa akwara aghọọla ebe a na-eme nnyocha. Ọtụtụ ihe akaebe na-egosi na mbufụt eriri afọ (dịka eriri afọ na-agbapụta na dysbiosis) nwere ike imetụta ọganihu nke ọrịa neurodegenerative, karịsịa ọrịa Alzheimer (AD), site na "axis nke eriri afọ na ụbụrụ". Isiokwu a na-enyocha otu mbufụt eriri afọ si abawanye ka afọ na-aga ma na-enyocha njikọ ya na ọrịa AD (dịka β-amyloid deposition na neuroinflammation), na-enye echiche ọhụrụ maka itinye aka na AD n'oge.

1. Okwu Mmalite

Ọrịa Alzheimer (AD) bụ ọrịa neurodegenerative kachasị a na-ahụkarị, nke ejiri β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques na hyperphosphorylated tau protein mara. Ọ bụ ezie na ihe ndị dị na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa (dịka ọmụmaatụ, APOE4) bụ isi ihe ndị nwere ike ibute AD, mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi (dịka ọmụmaatụ, nri, ahụike afọ) nwekwara ike itinye aka na ọganihu AD site na mbufụt na-adịghị ala ala. Afọ, dịka akụkụ ahụ kachasị na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ, nwere ike imetụta ahụike ụbụrụ site na ọtụtụ ụzọ, ọkachasị n'oge ịka nká.

2. Mbufụt afọ na ịka nká

2.1 Mbelata ọrụ ihe mgbochi eriri afọ nke metụtara afọ
Ka afọ na-aga, iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke ihe mgbochi eriri afọ na-ebelata, na-eduga na "afọ na-agbapụta", na-enye ohere ka ihe ndị na-akpata nje bacteria (dịka lipopolysaccharide, LPS) banye n'ọbara, na-akpali mbufụt sistemụ dị ala. Ọmụmụ ihe egosila na ụdịdị nke osisi eriri afọ n'ime ndị agadi na-ebelata, nje bacteria na-ebute mbufụt (dịka Proteobacteria) na-abawanye, na nje bacteria na-egbochi mbufụt (dịka Bifidobacterium) na-ebelata, na-eme ka nzaghachi mbufụt ka njọ.

2.2 Ihe ndị na-akpata mbufụt na ịka nká
Ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala ("ịka nká na-egbu mgbu", Inflammation) bụ ihe dị mkpa nke ịka nká. Ihe ndị na-akpata mkpali na eriri afọ (dịkaIL-6, TNF-α) nwere ike ịbanye n'ụbụrụ site na mgbasa ọbara, mee ka microglia rụọ ọrụ, kwalite mbufụt neuroinflammation, ma mee ka usoro ọrịa AD dị ngwa ngwa.

ma na-akwalite mbufụt nke akwara ozi, si otú a na-eme ka ọrịa AD dịkwuo ngwa ngwa.

3. Njikọ dị n'etiti mbufụt afọ na ọrịa Alzheimer

3.1 Njehie afọ na Aβ

Ndị anụmanụ egosila na nsogbu nke ahịhịa afọ nwere ike ime ka Aβ dịkwuo elu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, òké ndị a gwọrọ ọgwụ nje ebelatala akara Aβ, ebe ọkwa Aβ na-abawanye na òké ndị nwere dysbiosis. Ụfọdụ metabolites nje bacteria (dịka obere abụba acids, SCFAs) nwere ike imetụta mwepụ Aβ site na ịchịkwa ọrụ microglial.

3.2 Nsogbu Afọ na Ụbụrụ na Mmerụ Ahụ

Mbufụt afọ nwere ike imetụta ụbụrụ site na vagal, sistemu ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ, na ụzọ metabolic:

• Ụzọ Vagal: A na-ebufe ihe mgbaàmà mkpali eriri afọ site na akwara vagus gaa na CNS, na-emetụta ọrụ hippocampal na prefrontal cortex.
• Mmerụ ahụ sistemu: Ihe ndị dị na nje bacteria dịka LPS na-eme ka microglia dị ike ma na-akwalite mbufụt neuroinflammation, na-eme ka ọrịa tau na mmebi akwara dịkwuo njọ.
• Mmetụta Metabolic: dysbiosis nke eriri afọ nwere ike imetụta metabolism tryptophan, na-ebute enweghị nguzozi na neurotransmitters (dịka ọmụmaatụ, 5-HT) ma na-emetụta ọrụ ọgụgụ isi.

3.3 Ihe Akaebe Ahụike

• Ndị ọrịa nwere AD nwere ụdị dị iche iche nke eriri afọ karịa ndị agadi nwere ahụike, dịka ọmụmaatụ, oke dị iche na phylum/Antibacterial phylum.
• Ọkwa ọbara nke LPS nwere njikọ dị mma na oke AD.
• Ntinye aka na probiotic (dịka ọmụmaatụ Bifidobacterium bifidum) na-ebelata ntinye Aβ ma melite ọrụ nghọta na ụdị anụmanụ.

4. Atụmatụ Ntinye Aka Nwere Ike Ime

Mgbanwe nri: nri nwere eriri dị elu, nke dị na Mediterenian nwere ike ịkwalite uto nke nje bacteria bara uru ma belata mbufụt.

1. Probiotics/Prebiotics: mgbakwunye na ụdị nje bacteria ụfọdụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) nwere ike ime ka ọrụ mgbochi afọ ka mma.
2. Ọgwụgwọ mgbochi mbufụt: ọgwụ ndị na-ebute mbufụt afọ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ndị na-egbochi TLR4) nwere ike ibelata ọganihu AD.
3. Usoro Ndụ: Mmega ahụ na Mbelata Nrụgide Nwere Ike Ime Ka Nguzozi Dị n'Afọ

5. Mmechi na Echiche Ọdịnihu

Mbufụt afọ na-abawanye ka afọ na-aga, o nwekwara ike itinye aka na ọrịa AD site na eriri afọ na ụbụrụ. Ọmụmụ ihe ndị ga-eme n'ọdịnihu kwesịrị ịkọwakwu mmekọrịta dị n'etiti osisi na AD kpọmkwem ma nyochaa usoro mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ AD dabere na nhazi nke osisi eriri afọ. Nnyocha n'akụkụ a nwere ike inye ebumnuche ọhụrụ maka itinye aka na ọrịa neurodegenerative n'oge.

Ụlọ ọgwụ Xiamen Baysen Medical, anyị Baysen Medical, na-elekwasị anya mgbe niile n'usoro nchọpụta iji melite ụdị ndụ. Anyị emepụtala usoro teknụzụ ise - Latex, colloidal gold, Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, Molecular, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay. Anyị na-elekwasị anya na ahụike afọ, na ọrụ anyị.Ule CAL a na-eji achọpụta mbufụt n'ime afọ.

Ntụaka:

1. Vogt, NM, na ndị ọzọ (2017). “Mgbanwe nke nje bacteria n'ime afọ na ọrịa Alzheimer.”Akụkọ Sayensị.
2. Dodiya, HB, na ndị ọzọ (2020). “Ọrịa afọ na-adịghị ala ala na-eme ka ọrịa tau ka njọ n'ihe atụ òké nke ọrịa Alzheimer.”Ọdịdị Ahụike Ọkpụkpọ Ahụ Ike.
3. Franceschi, C., et al. (2018). “Ịkpa ahụ: echiche ọhụrụ gbasara ọrịa ndị metụtara afọ.”Nyocha nke Okike Endocrinology.