Mgwirizano Pakati pa Kutupa kwa M'mimba, Ukalamba, ndi Matenda a Alzheimer's

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ubale pakati pa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'matumbo ndi matenda amitsempha wakhala malo ofufuzira kwambiri. Umboni wochulukirachulukira ukusonyeza kuti kutupa m'matumbo (monga kutuluka kwa m'mimba ndi dysbiosis) kungakhudze kupita patsogolo kwa matenda owononga mitsempha, makamaka matenda a Alzheimer's (AD), kudzera mu "mzere wa m'matumbo ndi ubongo". Nkhaniyi ikuwunika momwe kutupa m'matumbo kumakulirakulira ndi ukalamba ndipo ikuwunika mgwirizano womwe ungachitike ndi matenda a AD (monga β-amyloid deposition ndi neuroinflammation), kupereka malingaliro atsopano othandizira AD msanga.

1. Chiyambi

Matenda a Alzheimer's (AD) ndi matenda ofala kwambiri a neurodegenerative, omwe amadziwika ndi ma β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques ndi hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Ngakhale kuti majini (monga APOE4) ndi omwe amachititsa kuti AD ikule kwambiri, zinthu zomwe zimakhudza chilengedwe (monga zakudya, thanzi la m'matumbo) zingathandizenso kuti AD ikule kudzera mu kutupa kosatha. M'mimba, monga chiwalo chachikulu kwambiri cha chitetezo chamthupi, mutha kusintha thanzi la ubongo kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, makamaka panthawi ya ukalamba.

2. Kutupa ndi Kukalamba m'matumbo

2.1 Kuchepa kwa ntchito yotchinga matumbo chifukwa cha ukalamba
Ndi ukalamba, kulimba kwa chotchinga cha m'mimba kumachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti "matumbo atuluke", zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya omwe ali m'matumbo (monga lipopolysaccharide, LPS) alowe m'magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa kwa thupi. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kusiyanasiyana kwa zomera m'matumbo mwa okalamba kumachepa, mabakiteriya omwe amatupa (monga Proteobacteria) amawonjezeka, ndipo mabakiteriya oletsa kutupa (monga Bifidobacterium) amachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutupa kuyambe kufalikira.

2.2 Zinthu zotupa ndi ukalamba
Kutupa kosatha (“kukalamba kotupa”, Kutupa) ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa ukalamba. Zinthu zotupa m'mimba (mongaIL-6, TNF-α) imatha kulowa muubongo kudzera m'magazi, kuyambitsa microglia, kulimbikitsa kutupa kwa mitsempha, ndikufulumizitsa njira yodwala matenda a AD.

ndi kulimbikitsa kutupa kwa mitsempha, motero kufulumizitsa matenda a AD.

3. Kugwirizana Pakati pa Kutupa kwa M'mimba ndi Matenda a Alzheimer's

3.1 Kusakhazikika kwa M'mimba ndi Kutayika kwa Aβ

Zitsanzo za nyama zasonyeza kuti kusokonezeka kwa zomera m'matumbo kumatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa Aβ. Mwachitsanzo, mbewa zomwe zimalandira mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zachepetsa kuchuluka kwa Aβ plaques, pomwe kuchuluka kwa Aβ kumawonjezeka m'mbewa zomwe zili ndi dysbiosis. Ma metabolites ena a bakiteriya (monga ma short-chain fatty acids, SCFAs) angakhudze kuchotsedwa kwa Aβ mwa kuwongolera ntchito ya microglial.

3.2 Mzere wa M'mimba ndi Ubongo ndi Kutupa kwa Mitsempha

Kutupa m'matumbo kungakhudze ubongo kudzera mu vagal, chitetezo chamthupi, ndi njira za kagayidwe kachakudya:

• Njira ya m'mimba: zizindikiro zotupa m'matumbo zimafalikira kudzera mu mitsempha ya m'mimba kupita ku CNS, zomwe zimakhudza ntchito ya hippocampal ndi prefrontal cortex.
• Kutupa kwa thupi: Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda monga LPS zimayambitsa microglia ndikulimbikitsa kutupa kwa mitsempha, kukulitsa matenda a tau ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha.
• Zotsatira za kagayidwe kachakudya: dysbiosis ya m'mimba ingakhudze kagayidwe ka tryptophan, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusalinganika kwa ma neurotransmitters (monga 5-HT) ndikukhudza magwiridwe antchito a ubongo.

3.3 Umboni Wachipatala

• Odwala omwe ali ndi AD ali ndi kapangidwe kosiyana kwambiri ka zomera za m'mimba ndi achikulire athanzi, mwachitsanzo, chiŵerengero chosazolowereka cha Thick-walled phylum/Antibacterial phylum.
• Kuchuluka kwa LPS m'magazi kumagwirizana bwino ndi kuopsa kwa AD.
• Njira zopewera matenda a probiotic (monga Bifidobacterium bifidum) zimachepetsa kuyika kwa Aβ ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a ubongo m'zinyama.

4. Njira Zothandizira Zomwe Zingatheke

Kusintha zakudya: zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri ku Mediterranean zitha kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya opindulitsa ndikuchepetsa kutupa.

1. Ma Probiotics/Prebiotics: Kuwonjezera mabakiteriya enaake (monga Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) kungathandize kuti matumbo azigwira bwino ntchito.
2. Mankhwala oletsa kutupa: mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kutupa m'matumbo (monga zoletsa za TLR4) angathandize kuchepetsa kukula kwa AD.
3. Njira zochiritsira moyo: kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo kungathandize kuti zomera za m'matumbo zikhale bwino

5. Mapeto ndi Malingaliro Amtsogolo

Kutupa m'matumbo kumawonjezeka ndi ukalamba ndipo kungayambitse matenda a AD kudzera mu msana wa m'mimba ndi ubongo. Kafukufuku wamtsogolo ayenera kufotokoza bwino ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa zomera zinazake ndi AD ndikufufuza njira zopewera ndi kuchiza AD kutengera malamulo a zomera za m'matumbo. Kafukufuku m'derali angapereke zolinga zatsopano zothandizira matenda oyambitsa matenda a mitsempha.

Xiamen Baysen Medical Ife Baysen Medical nthawi zonse timayang'ana kwambiri njira zodziwira matenda kuti tiwongolere moyo wabwino. Tapanga mapulatifomu 5 aukadaulo - Latex, colloidal gold, Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, Molecular, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay. Timayang'ana kwambiri thanzi la m'mimba, komanso thanzi lathu.Mayeso a CAL amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira kutupa m'matumbo.

Maumboni:

1. Vogt, NM, et al. (2017). "Kusintha kwa ma microbiome m'matumbo mu matenda a Alzheimer."Malipoti a Sayansi.
2. Dodiya, HB, et al. (2020). "Kutupa kwa m'mimba kosatha kumawonjezera vuto la tau mu chitsanzo cha matenda a Alzheimer's a mbewa."Sayansi ya Zachilengedwe.
3. Franceschi, C., et al. (2018). “Kutupa: lingaliro latsopano la chitetezo chamthupi ndi kagayidwe kachakudya pa matenda okhudzana ndi ukalamba.”Ndemanga za Chilengedwe Endocrinology.