GusobanukirwaTifoyideUmuriro: Ibimenyetso, Kwanduza, hamwe ningamba zo Kwipimisha Serologiya

Indwara ya Tifoyide ni indwara ikaze yo mu mara yanduye iterwa na Salmonella Typhi. Yandura cyane cyane ibiryo cyangwa amazi byanduye kandi bikunze kugaragara cyane mubice bifite isuku nke. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe birimo guhorana umuriro mwinshi, kubabara munda, uburibwe bwa roseola, bradycardia ugereranije, na hepatosplenomegaly. Indwara zikomeye zirashobora gutera amara cyangwa kuva amaraso, ndetse birashobora no guhitana ubuzima. Gusuzuma hakiri kare no gutabara ni ngombwa mu kugenzura iterambere ry’indwara no kugabanya impfu, kandi kwipimisha serologiya bigira uruhare runini muri iki gikorwa.

Inzira zohereza hamwe n’ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa cyane

Tifoyideumuriro wanduye cyane cyane unyuze munzira ya fecal-umunwa. Intebe yanduye cyangwa abayitwaye itwara bagiteri nyinshi, zishobora kwanduza amazi cyangwa ibiryo, zishobora kwanduza izindi. Iyi ndwara ikomeje gukwirakwira mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere nka Afurika, Aziya y'Epfo, ndetse na Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba, cyane cyane mu turere dufite ibikorwa remezo bidafite isuku ndetse no kubona amazi meza yo kunywa. Abagenzi bajya ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa cyane nabo barashobora kwandura iyo bananiwe gufata ingamba zihagije.

Porotokole yo gupima serologiya yatifoyideumuriro

Gusuzuma hakiri karetifoyide umuriro uragoye, kuko ibimenyetso byayo bikunze kwigana izindi ndwara zidafite imbaraga, nkamalariya nadengue umuriro. Umuco wamaraso nigipimo cya zahabu yo kwemezatifoyd umuriro, ariko ubu buryo butwara igihe (mubisanzwe bifata iminsi myinshi), kandi ibyiyumvo byayo bigira ingaruka kubintu nkigihe cyo gukusanya no gukoresha antibiotique. Kubwibyo, ibizamini bya serologiya bikoreshwa cyane nkigikoresho cyinyongera cyo gusuzuma bitewe nubwihuta bwacyo kandi bworoshye.

1. Ikizamini Cyagutse
   Ikizamini cya Widal ni isuzuma gakondo rya serologiya yatewe na tifoyide, ikoreshwa mugutahura titeri ya antibody irwanya O (somatike antigen) na H (flagellar antigen) muri serumu yumurwayi. Urwego rwa Antibody rusanzwe rutangira kuzamuka nyuma yicyumweru kimwe ibimenyetso bitangiye.
   • Igikorwa gikenewe: Ingero zombi za serumu zivuye mubyiciro bikaze kandi byingirakamaro birakenewe. Kwiyongera inshuro enye cyangwa nyinshi muri antibody titer bifatwa nkibyingenzi.
   • Imipaka: Ikizamini gifite umwihariko ugereranije kandi gishobora gutanga ibisubizo byiza (urugero, kubera gukingirwa mbere cyangwa kwanduza izindiSalmonellaserotypes). Ifite kandi sensibilité nkeya mugihe cyambere cyindwara.
2. Enzyme-Ihuza Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
   Mu myaka yashize, ikoranabuhanga rya ELISA ryakoreshejwe cyane mu kumenya antibodiyite yihariye ya tifoyide (nka anti-Vi antigen IgG na IgM), itanga ibyiyumvo bihanitse kandi byihariye.
   • Ibyiza: Irashobora gutandukanya kwandura gukabije (IgM-positif) nindwara zabanje cyangwa imiterere yabatwara (IgG-positif). Icyitegererezo kimwe cya serumu gishobora gutanga ibisubizo byerekana, bigabanya cyane igihe cyo gusuzuma.
   • Gusaba: Birakwiriye cyane cyane kubice bifite amikoro make yubuvuzi cyangwa nkigikoresho cyihuse cyo gusuzuma mugihe cyorezo cyibyorezo.
3. Ubundi buryo bwihuse bwo Kwipimisha
   Ibikoresho byipimisha byihuse nka colloidal zahabu immunochromatographic ibizamini nabyo byashyizwe mu bikorwa, bishobora gutanga ibisubizo byibanze mu minota 15-20 kandi bikwiriye ibigo byita kubanza no kwisuzumisha aho.

Nubwo kwipimisha serologiya bifite ibyiza byo kwihuta kandi byoroshye, ibisubizo byayo bigomba gusuzumwa byimazeyo hamwe nubuvuzi bw’umurwayi, amateka y’ibyorezo, n’ibindi bizamini bya laboratoire (nkumuco wamaraso hamwe no gupima molekile ya PCR) kugirango birinde kwisuzumisha nabi.

Kwirinda no kuvura

Inzira zifatika zo gukumiratifoyideumuriro ni ukubungabunga isuku yumuntu, kunywa amazi meza, no gukingirwatifoyideumuriro. Iyo antibiyotike imaze gupimwa, igomba gukoreshwa vuba kugirango ivurwe. Ariko, kwiyongera kwimiti irwanya ibiyobyabwenge mumyaka yashize yazanye ibibazo bishya mubuvuzi.

Muri make,tifoyide umuriro ukomeje guhungabanya ubuzima rusange mu turere twinshi ku isi. Kwipimisha serologiya, nkigikoresho cyingenzi cyo gusuzuma cyo gufasha, byitezwe ko bizarushaho kunoza igipimo cyo gusuzuma hakiri karetifoyide umuriro hamwe nubufasha bwa tekinoroji ikomeza kunozwa, itanga inkunga yo kurwanya neza kwanduza indwara.

Baysen Medicalburi gihe yibanda kubuhanga bwo gusuzuma kugirango uzamure imibereho. Twateje imbere tekinoroji 5 yikoranabuhanga- Latex, zahabu ya colloidal, Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, Molecular, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay.Tufite Tifoyide IgG / Igm Ikizamini cyihuse yo gusuzuma imvune yo mucyiciro cya mbere.