Ihuriro Hagati yo Gutwika, Gusaza, na Indwara ya Alzheimer

Mu myaka yashize, isano iri hagati ya microbiota yinda nindwara zifata ubwonko zahindutse ahantu h’ubushakashatsi. Ibimenyetso byinshi kandi byinshi byerekana ko gutwika amara (nko gutobora amara na dysbiose) bishobora kugira ingaruka ku iterambere ry’indwara zifata ubwonko, cyane cyane indwara ya Alzheimer (AD), binyuze mu “nda-ubwonko”. Iyi ngingo irasubiramo uburyo uburibwe bwo munda bwiyongera uko imyaka igenda ishira kandi ikanasobanura isano ishobora kuba ifitanye isano na AD patologiya (nka β-amyloide deposition na neuroinflammation), itanga ibitekerezo bishya byo gutabara hakiri kare AD.

1. Intangiriro

Indwara ya Alzheimer (AD) nindwara ikunze kwibasira neurodegenerative, irangwa na plaque am-amyloide (Aβ) hamwe na protein ya hyperphosifora. Nubwo ibintu bikomoka ku ngirabuzima fatizo (urugero, APOE4) ari ibintu byingenzi bitera ingaruka za AD, ingaruka z’ibidukikije (urugero, indyo, ubuzima bw’inda) nazo zishobora kugira uruhare mu iterambere rya AD binyuze mu gutwika indwara zidakira. Inda, nk'umubiri munini w’umubiri, irashobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwubwonko binyuze munzira nyinshi, cyane cyane mugihe cyo gusaza.

2. Gutwika no gusaza

2.1 Kugabanuka kumyaka kumikorere ya barrière amara
Uko imyaka igenda ishira, ubusugire bwinzitizi zo munda buragabanuka, biganisha kuri "amara ava", bigatuma metabolite ya bagiteri (nka lipopolysaccharide, LPS) yinjira mumaraso, bigatuma habaho umuriro muke. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ibinyabuzima bitandukanye byo mu mara ku bageze mu zabukuru bigabanuka, bagiteri ziterwa na inflammatory (nka Proteobacteria), kandi na bagiteri zirwanya inflammatory (nka Bifidobacterium) zigabanuka, bikarushaho gukaza umurego.

2.2 Impamvu zitera no gusaza
Indwara idakira yo mu rwego rwo hasi (“inflammatory gusaza”, Inflammaging) nikintu cyingenzi cyo gusaza. Ibintu byo gutwika amara (nkaIL-6, TNF-α) irashobora kwinjira mu bwonko binyuze mu gutembera kw'amaraso, gukora microglia, guteza imbere neuroinflammation, no kwihutisha inzira y’indwara ya AD.

no guteza imbere neuroinflammation, bityo byihutisha AD patologiya.

3. Isano Hagati yo Gutwika Indwara n'indwara ya Alzheimer

3.1 Gut Dysbiose na Aβ Kubika

Ubwoko bwinyamanswa bwerekanye ko ihungabana ry amara rishobora kongera Aβ gushira. Kurugero, imbeba zavuwe na antibiotique zagabanije Aβ plaque, mugihe Aβ urwego rwiyongera mu mbeba hamwe na dysbiose. Metabolite zimwe na zimwe za bagiteri (nka acide ya fatty acide acide, SCFAs) irashobora kugira ingaruka kuri Aβ muguhindura imikorere ya microglial.

3.2 Igifu-Ubwonko na Neuroinflammation

Gutwika amara bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwonko binyuze mu gitsina, sisitemu y’umubiri, n'inzira za metabolike:

• Inzira ya Vagal: ibimenyetso byo mu mara byandurira mu mitsi ya vagus kuri CNS, bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya hippocampal na cortex ibanza.
• Indurwe ya sisitemu: Ibigize bagiteri nka LPS ikora microglia kandi igatera neuroinflammation, ikongera tau patologiya no kwangirika kwa neuronal.
• Ingaruka za metabolike: dysbiose yo munda irashobora kugira ingaruka kuri metabolism ya tryptophan, biganisha ku busumbane muri neurotransmitter (urugero, 5-HT) kandi bigira ingaruka kumikorere yubwenge.

3.3 Ibimenyetso bya Clinical

• Abarwayi bafite AD bafite ibice bitandukanye bigize amara y’ibimera kurusha abantu bakuze bafite ubuzima bwiza, urugero, igipimo kidasanzwe cya phylum / Urukuta rwa Antibacterial phylum.
• Amaraso ya LPS afitanye isano neza nuburemere bwa AD.
• Ibikorwa bya porotiyotike (urugero: Bifidobacterium bifidum) bigabanya Aβ gushira no kunoza imikorere yubwenge mubyitegererezo byinyamaswa.

4. Ingamba zishoboka zo gutabara

Guhindura imirire: fibre-fibre nyinshi, indyo ya Mediterane irashobora guteza imbere imikurire ya bagiteri nziza kandi ikagabanya gucana.

1. Probiotics / Prebiotics: kuzuza hamwe na bagiteri zihariye (urugero, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) zishobora kunoza imikorere yinzitizi.
2. Imiti igabanya ubukana: imiti yibasira amara (urugero, TLR4 inhibitor) irashobora kudindiza iterambere rya AD.
3. Uburyo bwo kubaho: imyitozo no kugabanya imihangayiko bishobora kugumana amara ya flora

5. Umwanzuro n'ibitekerezo bizaza

Gutwika ibibyimba byiyongera uko imyaka igenda ishira kandi birashobora kugira uruhare muri AD patologiya binyuze mu nda-ubwonko. Inyigisho z'ejo hazaza zigomba kurushaho gusobanura isano itera hagati y'ibimera byihariye na AD no gucukumbura ingamba zo gukumira no kuvura AD zishingiye ku kugenzura ibimera. Ubushakashatsi muri kariya gace bushobora gutanga intego nshya zo gutabara hakiri kare indwara zifata ubwonko.

Ubuvuzi bwa Xiamen Baysen We Baysen Ubuvuzi buri gihe bwibanda kubuhanga bwo gusuzuma kugirango tuzamure ubuzima. Twateje imbere tekinoroji 5 yikoranabuhanga- Latex, zahabu ya colloidal, Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, Molecular, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay. Twibanze ku buzima bwo munda, kandi ubwacuIkizamini cya CAL ikoreshwa mugutahura umuriro munda.

Reba:

1. Vogt, NM, n'abandi. (2017). “Guhindura microbiome mu ndwara ya Alzheimer.”Raporo yubumenyi.
2. Dodiya, HB, n'abandi. (2020). “Indurwe idakira yongerera imbaraga indwara ya tau mu buryo bw'imbeba y'indwara ya Alzheimer.”Kamere ya Neuroscience.
3. Franceschi, C., n'abandi. (2018). “Gutwika: ibitekerezo bishya birinda indwara ziterwa n'imyaka.”Kamere Isubiramo Endocrinology.