Isano riri hagati y'indwara yo kubyimba mu mara, gusaza, n'indwara ya Alzheimer

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, isano iri hagati ya mikorobe zo mu mara n'indwara z'imitsi yabaye nk'ubushakashatsi bukomeye. Ibimenyetso byinshi bigaragaza ko kubyimba mu mara (nk'indwara zituruka mu mara zisohoka na dysbiosis) bishobora kugira ingaruka ku iterambere ry'indwara ziterwa n'imitsi, cyane cyane indwara ya Alzheimer (AD), binyuze mu "gut-brain axis". Iyi nkuru isuzuma uburyo kubyimba mu mara byiyongera uko umuntu asaza kandi ikagaragaza isano ishobora kugirana n'indwara ya AD (nk'uko β-amyloid deposition na neuroinflammation), itanga ibitekerezo bishya byo gufata ingamba hakiri kare zo kurwanya AD.

1. Intangiriro

Indwara ya Alzheimer (AD) ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu ndwara zo mu bwonko, irangwa na β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques na hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Nubwo ibintu bigize imiterere y’umubiri (urugero, APOE4) ari byo bintu bikomeye bishobora gutera AD, ingaruka ku bidukikije (urugero, imirire, ubuzima bw’amara) nabyo bishobora kugira uruhare mu gutera AD binyuze mu kubyimba guhoraho. Amara, nk'urugingo runini rw’umubiri rurwanya indwara, ashobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw’ubwonko binyuze mu nzira nyinshi, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’izabukuru.

2. Kubyimba amara no gusaza

2.1 Kugabanuka kw'imikorere y'inkingo z'amara bitewe n'imyaka
Uko imyaka igenda ikura, ubusugire bw'urusobe rw'amara buragabanuka, bigatera "gusohoka kw'amara", bigatuma ibinyabuzima bya bagiteri (nka lipopolysaccharide, LPS) byinjira mu maraso, bigatera ububyimbirwe buke. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ubwinshi bw'ibimera byo mu mara mu bantu bageze mu za bukuru bugabanuka, bagiteri zitera ububyimbirwe (nka Proteobacteria) ziyongera, kandi bagiteri zirwanya ububyimbirwe (nka Bifidobacterium) zigabanuka, bikongera imbaraga z'ububyimbirwe.

2.2 Ibintu bitera ububabare n'ubusaza
Kubyimba mu mara mu buryo budakira (“gusaza mu buryo bukabije”, Kubyimba mu mara) ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gusaza. Ibintu bitera kubyimba mu mara (nk'ukoIL-6, TNF-α) ishobora kwinjira mu bwonko binyuze mu gutembera kw'amaraso, igatuma mikoroglia ikora, igatera ububabare bw'ubwonko, kandi ikihutisha inzira y'indwara ya AD.

no guteza imbere ububabare bw'ubwonko, bityo bikihutisha indwara ya AD.

3. Isano iri hagati yo kubyimba amara n'indwara ya Alzheimer

3.1 Kurwara indwara zo mu mara no kugabanuka kwa Aβ mu mara

Inyamaswa zagaragaje ko ikibazo cy’ibimera byo mu mara gishobora kongera Aβ. Urugero, imbeba zavuwe na antibiyotike zagabanyije Aβ plaques, mu gihe urugero rwa Aβ rwongera ku mbeba zifite dysbiosis. Bimwe mu bintu bitera bagiteri (nk'ibinure bigufi, SCFAs) bishobora kugira ingaruka ku igabanuka rya Aβ binyuze mu kugenzura imikorere ya mikorobe.

3.2 Umutima uhuza umwijima n'ubwonko n'ubushyuhe bw'ubwonko

Kubyimba mu mara bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwonko binyuze mu gitsina, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, n'inzira z'imikorere y'umubiri:

• Inzira yo mu nda: ibimenyetso byo kubyimba mu mara byoherezwa mu mitsi y'amaraso binyuze mu mutsi w'amaraso ujya mu mitsi mito, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere ya hippocampal na prefrontal cortex.
• Ububyimbirwe bw'umubiri: Ibice bya bagiteri nka LPS bikora mikoroglia kandi bigatera ububyimbirwe bw'ubwonko, bikongera uburwayi bwa tau no kwangirika kw'imitsi.
• Ingaruka za metabolism: dysbiosis yo mu nda ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere ya tryptophan, bigatera ubusumbane mu mikorere y’uturemangingo tw’ubwonko (urugero, 5-HT) kandi ikagira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ubwonko.

3.3 Ibimenyetso by'ubuvuzi

• Abarwayi ba AD bafite imiterere itandukanye cyane y’ibimera byo mu mara n’abantu bakuru bafite ubuzima bwiza, urugero, igipimo kidasanzwe cya Thick-walled phylum/Antibacterial phylum.
• Urugero rwa LPS mu maraso rufitanye isano ryiza n'ubukana bwa AD.
• Uburyo bwo gukora probiotics (urugero: Bifidobacterium bifidum) bugabanya imiterere ya Aβ kandi bukongera imikorere y'ubwonko mu nyamaswa.

4. Ingamba zishobora guterwa mu bikorwa

Guhindura imirire: indyo irimo fibre nyinshi yo mu karere ka Mediterane ishobora gutuma bagiteri z'ingirakamaro zikura kandi ikagabanya ububyimbirwe.

1. Probiotics/Prebiotics: inyongeramusaruro hamwe n’ubwoko bwihariye bwa bagiteri (urugero: Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) bishobora kunoza imikorere y’uruti rw’amara.
2. Imiti igabanya ubushyuhe: imiti yibasira ubushyuhe bw'amara (urugero, imiti ibuza TLR4) ishobora kugabanya iterambere rya AD.
3. Uburyo bwo kubaho: imyitozo ngororamubiri no kugabanya imihangayiko bishobora gutuma ibinyabuzima byo mu nda birushaho kuringaniza

5. Umwanzuro n'ibitekerezo by'ejo hazaza

Ububyimbirwe bw'amara buriyongera uko imyaka igenda ikura kandi bushobora gutera indwara ya AD binyuze mu gice cy'amara n'ubwonko. Ubushakashatsi bw'ejo hazaza bugomba gusobanura neza isano iri hagati y'ibimera byihariye na AD no gusuzuma ingamba zo gukumira AD no kuvura hashingiwe ku miterere y'ibimera byo mu mara. Ubushakashatsi muri uru rwego bushobora gutanga intego nshya zo gufata ingamba hakiri kare mu ndwara zitera indwara z'ubwonko.

Xiamen Baysen Medical Twebwe Baysen Medical duhora twibanda ku buryo bwo gusuzuma kugira ngo turusheho kugira ubuzima bwiza. Twakoze ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rigizwe na: Latex, colloidal gold, Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, Molecular, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay. Twibanda ku buzima bw'amara, ndetse n'ubuzima bwacu.Ikizamini cya CAL ikoreshwa mu kumenya ububyimbirwe mu mara.

Amareferensi:

1. Vogt, NM, n'abandi (2017). “Impinduka mu mikorobe zo mu mara mu ndwara ya Alzheimer.”Raporo za siyansi.
2. Dodiya, HB, n'abandi (2020). “Kubyimba amara igihe kirekire byongera indwara ya tau mu bwoko bwa Alzheimer's disease y'imbeba.”Ubumenyi bw'indwara z'ubwonko mu miterere y'ibinyabuzima.
3. Franceschi, C., et al. (2018). “Kubyimba: uburyo bushya bwo kuvura indwara ziterwa n’izabukuru.”Isuzuma ry'ibidukikije Ubumenyi bw'imiti.