Ikizamini cya Prostate yihariye ya Antigen (f-PSA) ni urufatiro rwo kwisuzumisha urologiya igezweho, igira uruhare rukomeye mugusuzuma neza ibyago bya kanseri ya prostate. Akamaro kayo ntabwo ari igikoresho cyo gusuzuma cyonyine ahubwo ni nk'umugereka w'ingenzi ku kizamini rusange cya PSA (t-PSA), kongerera imbaraga cyane kwisuzumisha no kuyobora ibyemezo bikomeye byo kwa muganga, cyane cyane mu gufasha kwirinda inzira zitera bidakenewe.

Ikibazo cyibanze mugupima kanseri ya prostate ni ukubura umwihariko wa t-PSA. Urwego rwo hejuru rwa t-PSA (gakondo> 4 ng / mL) rushobora guterwa na kanseri ya prostate, ariko nanone bitewe nubuzima bwiza nka Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) na prostatite. Ibi birema "akarere gasuzumisha imvi", cyane cyane kubiciro bya t-PSA hagati ya 4 na 10 ng / mL. Ku bagabo bo muri uru rwego, icyemezo cyo kumenya niba wakomeza gukora biopsy ya prostate - uburyo butera kandi bushobora guteza ingaruka nko kuva amaraso, kwandura, no kutamererwa neza - biragoye. Ni muri urwo rwego ikizamini cya f-PSA cyerekana agaciro kacyo.

Akamaro kingenzi ka f-PSA kari mubushobozi bwayo bwo kunonosora isuzuma ryibyago binyuze muri f-PSA na t-PSA (ku ijana PSA yubusa). Ibinyabuzima, PSA ibaho mumaraso muburyo bubiri: ihujwe na proteyine kandi kubuntu. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko igipimo cya f-PSA kiri hasi kubagabo barwaye kanseri ya prostate ugereranije nabafite BPH. Ingirabuzimafatizo mbi ikunda kubyara PSA yinjira mumaraso kandi igahita ihambirwa, bikavamo ijanisha rito ryubusa. Ibinyuranye, igice kinini cya f-PSA gikunze guhuzwa no kwaguka neza.

Itandukaniro ryibinyabuzima rikoreshwa mubuvuzi kugirango babare ijanisha ryubusa PSA. PSA yubusa ku ijana (urugero, munsi ya 10-15%, hamwe no gutandukana neza biratandukanye) byerekana ko bishoboka cyane kanseri ya prostate kandi bifite ishingiro cyane kubyifuzo bya biopsy ya prostate. Ibinyuranye, PSA yubusa ku ijana (urugero, hejuru ya 20-25%) yerekana ko bishoboka ko kanseri ishobora kuba nkeya, byerekana ko kuzamuka kwa t-PSA bishoboka cyane kubera BPH. Mu bihe nk'ibi, umuganga arashobora gusaba adashidikanya ingamba zo kugenzura neza - zirimo gusubiramo ibizamini bya PSA hamwe n'ibizamini bya rectal digitale mugihe runaka - aho guhita biopsy.

Kubera iyo mpamvu, ingaruka imwe yingenzi yo kwipimisha f-PSA nigabanuka ryinshi rya biopies ya prostate idakenewe. Mugutanga aya makuru akomeye avangura, ikizamini gifasha gukumira umubare munini wabagabo gukora inzira yibitero badakeneye, bityo bikagabanya uburwayi bwumurwayi, kugabanya amafaranga yubuvuzi, no kugabanya amaganya akomeye ajyanye na biopsy no gutegereza ibisubizo byayo.

Hanze ya classique ya 4-10 ng / mL yumukara, f-PSA nayo ifite agaciro mubindi bihe: kubagabo bafite t-PSA idahwema kuzamuka nubwo biopsy yabanjirije, cyangwa no kubafite t-PSA isanzwe ariko ikizamini kidasanzwe cya digitale. Iragenda yinjizwa muburyo bwinshi bwo kubara ibyago kugirango hasuzumwe neza.

Mu gusoza, akamaro ko kwipimisha f-PSA ntigushobora kuvugwa. Ihindura ibisubizo, bidasanzwe t-PSA ibisubizo mubikoresho bikomeye kandi byubwenge byo gusuzuma. Mugushoboza gutondekanya ibyago muri zone isuzumisha imvi, iha imbaraga abaganga gufata ibyemezo byinshi, bishingiye ku bimenyetso, amaherezo bagahindura uburyo bwo kuvura abarwayi bagabanya umutekano muke no kwisuzumisha birenze urugero mugihe abagabo bafite ibyago byinshi bamenyekana kandi bikabikwa vuba.