Zvirwere zvinotapukira zvinotapukira zvinokonzerwa neumhutu: kutyisidzira nekudzivirira

Umhutu huri pakati pemhuka dzine njodzi huru pasi rose. Kurumwa kwahwo kunotapurirana zvirwere zvakawanda zvinouraya, zvichikonzera kufa kwemazana ezviuru pasi rose gore rega rega. Zvichienderana nehuwandu, zvirwere zvinotapuriranwa neumhutu (zvakaita semarariya nedengue fever) zvinotapurirana vanhu vanopfuura mazana emamiriyoni, zvichikonzera njodzi huru kuhutano hwevanhu. Chinyorwa chino chichataura nezvezvirwere zvikuru zvinotapuriranwa neumhutu, nzira dzazvo dzekutapurirana, uye matanho ekudzivirira nekudzora.

I. Utunga Hunoparadzira Sei Zvirwere?

Umhutu hunotapurira utachiona (mavhairasi, tupukanana, nezvimwewo) kubva kuvanhu vane chirwere ichi kana mhuka kuenda kuvanhu vane hutano nekusvuta ropa. Maitiro ekutapurirana anosanganisira:

1. Kurumwa kwemunhu ane hutachiona: Umhutu hunofema ropa rine utachiona.
2. Kuwanda kweutachiona mukati meumhutu: Utachiona kana kuti tupukanana tunokura mukati meumhutu (semuenzaniso, Plasmodium inopedza hupenyu hwayo mukati meumhutu hweAnopheles).
3. Kutumirwa kune mugamuchiri mutsva: Kana umhutu hwaruma zvakare, utachiona hunopinda mumuviri nemumate.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzeumhutu dzinotapurirana zvirwere zvakasiyana, zvakaita se:

• Aedes aegypti– Dengue, Chikv, Zika, Yellow Fever
• Umhutu hweAnopheles– Marariya
• Umhutu hweCulex- Utachiona hweWest Nile, chirwere cheJapan chinonzi encephalitis

II. Zvirwere Zvikuru Zvinotapukira Zvinotapukira Zvinoparadzirwa Neumhutu

(1) Zvirwere zveMavhairasi

1. Dengue Fivha
   • Utachiona: Utachiona hweDengue (maserotype mana)
   • Zviratidzo: Fivha yakanyanya, musoro wakakomba, kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama; zvinogona kukonzera kubuda ropa kana kuvhunduka.
   • Nzvimbo dzakapararira: Nzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinopisa (Southeast Asia, Latin America).
2. Chirwere cheZika Virus
   • Njodzi: Kutapukirwa mumadzimai ane pamuviri kunogona kukonzera microcephaly muvana vacheche; kwakabatana nezvirwere zvetsinga.

3. Chikungunya Fivha

• Chikonzero: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV)
• Mhando huru dzeumhutu: Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus
• Zviratidzo: Fivha yakanyanya, kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kwemajoini (izvo zvinogona kugara kwemwedzi yakati wandei).

4.Fivha Yero

• Zviratidzo: Fivha, jaundice, kubuda ropa; mwero werufu (mushonga wekudzivirira uripo).

5.Encephalitis yeJapan

• Vekita:Culex tritaeniorhynchus
• Zviratidzo: Encephalitis, huwandu hwakawanda hwerufu (hwakajairika kumaruwa eAsia).

(2) Zvirwere zveParasitic

1. Marariya
   • Utachiona: Chipembenene chemalaria (Plasmodium falciparum ndicho chinonyanya kuuraya)
   • Zviratidzo: Kutonhora nguva nenguva, fivha yakanyanya, uye kupererwa neropa. Vanhu vanosvika 600,000 vanofa gore rega rega.
2. Lymphatic Filariasis (Elephantiasis)
   
   • Utachiona: Honye dzeFilarial (Wuchereria bancrofti,Brugia malayi)
   • Zviratidzo: Kukuvadzwa kwemasero eropa, zvichikonzera kuzvimba kwemakumbo kana nhengo dzepabonde.

III. Nzira yekudzivirira zvirwere zvinotapuriranwa neumhutu?

1. Kudzivirirwa Kwemunhu
   • Shandisa mushonga unodzinga umhutu (une DEET kana picaridin).
   • Pfeka mbatya dzine maoko marefu uye shandisa mambure eumhutu (kunyanya ayo anorapwa nemushonga wezvipembenene wemalaria).
   • Dzivisa kubuda panze panguva yemwaka weumhutu (madekwana nemambakwedza).
2. Kudzora Zvakatipoteredza
   • Bvisa mvura yakamira (semuenzaniso, muhari dzemaruva nematayi) kudzivirira kuberekana kweumhutu.
   • Pfafadzai mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene munharaunda yenyu kana kushandisa nzira dzekudzivirira zvipembenene (semuenzaniso, kupfuya hove dzeumhutu).
3. Kubaiwa nhomba
   • Mishonga yekudzivirira yellow fever neJapanese encephalitis inodzivirira zvirwere.
   • Jekiseni reDengue fever (Dengvaxia) rinowanikwa mune dzimwe nyika, asi kushandiswa kwaro kwakaganhurirwa.

IV. Matambudziko Epasi Pose Mukutonga Zvirwere

• Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze: Zvirwere zvinotapurirwa nehumhutu zviri kupararira kunzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekunze anodziya (semuenzaniso, dengue muEurope).
• Kudzivirira zvipembenene: Umhutu huri kuramba huchirwisa mishonga yezvipembenene.
• Miganhu yekubaiwa majekiseni: Mushonga wekudzivirira malaria (RTS,S) une simba shoma; mhinduro dziri nani dzinodiwa.

Mhedziso

Zvirwere zvinotapurirwa nehumhutu zvichiri kutyisidzira hutano pasi rose, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinopisa. Kudzivirira zvinobudirira—kuburikidza nekudzora umhutu, kubaiwa majekiseni, uye matanho ehutano hweveruzhinji—kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya hutachiona. Kushandira pamwe kwenyika dzese, hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji, uye ruzivo rweveruzhinji ndizvo zvakakosha pakurwisa zvirwere izvi mune ramangwana.

Baysen MedicalChinangwa chedu ndechekutarisa nzira dzekuongorora kuti tivandudze hupenyu. Takagadzira mapuratifomu mashanu etekinoroji - Latex, colloidal gold, Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, Molecular, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay.Kuedzwa kweDen-NS1 nekukurumidza, Kuedza nekukurumidza kweDen-IgG/IgM, Kuongororwa kweDengue IgG/IgM-NS1 Combo nekukurumidza, Kuedzwa kweMal-PF Rapid, Kuongororwa kweMal-PF/PV nekukurumidza, Kuongororwa nekukurumidza kweMal-PF/PAN kuti vaongorore chirwere ichi chinotapukira pakutanga.