KunzwisisaTyphoidFivha: Zviratidzo, Kutapurirana, uye Maitiro Ekuongorora Masero

Fivha yetyphoid chirwere chinotapukira mudumbu chinokonzerwa neSalmonella Typhi. Chinonyanya kutapuriranwa kuburikidza nechikafu kana mvura yakasviba uye chinonyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzisina hutsanana hwakakwana. Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvinosanganisira fivha isingaperi, kurwadziwa mudumbu, mapundu eroseola, bradycardia, uye hepatosplenomegaly. Zviitiko zvakakomba zvinogona kukonzera kubooka mudumbu kana kubuda ropa, uye zvinogona kutoisa upenyu panjodzi. Kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kupindira kwakakosha kudzora kufambira mberi kwechirwere uye kuderedza kufa, uye kuongororwa kwemasero eropa kunoita basa guru mukuita uku.

Nzira dzekufambisa nehutachiona uye nzvimbo dzinoitika njodzi dzakawanda

TyphoidFivha inonyanya kutapuriranwa kuburikidza nenzira yetsvina nemuromo. Tsvina inobva kuvanhu vane hutachiona kana vanhu vane hutachiona inotakura huwandu hwakawanda hwebhakitiriya, iyo inogona kusvibisa mvura kana chikafu, zvichigona kutapurira vamwe. Chirwere ichi chichiri kupararira munyika dziri kusimukira dzakadai seAfrica, South Asia, neSoutheast Asia, kunyanya munzvimbo dzisina hutsanana hwakakwana uye dzisina mvura yakachena yekunwa yakakwana. Vafambi vanoenda kunzvimbo dzine njodzi huru vanogonawo kutapukirwa kana vakatadza kutora matanho akakodzera ekudzivirira.

Maitiro ekuongorora serological etyphoidkupindwa nechando

Kuongororwa kwekutanga kwechirwere ichityphoid fivha inonetsa, sezvo zviratidzo zvayo zvichiwanzofanana nezvezvimwe zvirwere zvefivha, zvakaita semarariya uyedengue fivha. Kudzikisa ropa ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekusimbisa fivhatyphoid fivha, asi nzira iyi inotora nguva (inowanzo tora mazuva akati wandei), uye kukanganiswa kwayo kunokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakaita senguva yekutora uye kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Nokudaro, bvunzo dzemasero eropa dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya senzira yekuwedzera yekuongorora nekuda kwekukurumidzira kwayo uye nyore kwayo.

1. Kuedzwa Kwakafara
   Kuongororwa kweWidal inzira yekuongorora chirwere chetyphoid, inoshandiswa kuona kuti ma antibodies ane O (somatic antigen) uye H (flagellar antigen) ari muropa remurwere. Ma antibodies anowanzo tanga kukwira vhiki imwe chete mushure mekunge zviratidzo zvatanga.
   • Zvinodiwa pakushanda: Samples dze serum dzinobva paacute nepaacute dzinodiwa. Kuwedzera kwe antibody titer kane kana kupfuura kunoonekwa sekukosha pakuongorora chirwere.
   • Zvipingamupinyi: Bvunzo iyi haina kunyatsojeka uye inogona kupa mhedzisiro yenhema (semuenzaniso, nekuda kwekubaiwa jekiseni kare kana kutapukirwa nezvimwe zvirwere.Salmonellaserotypes). Inewo kusanzwisisika kushoma pakutanga kwechirwere.
2. Kuyedzwa kweImmunosorbent kwakabatana neEnzyme (ELISA)
   Mumakore achangopfuura, tekinoroji yeELISA yave ichishandiswa zvakanyanya kuona ma antibodies chaiwo e typhoid (akadai se anti-Vi antigen IgG ne IgM), zvichipa kunzwa kwakanyanya uye kujeka.
   • Zvakanakira: Inogona kusiyanisa hutachiona hweIgM kubva kune hwakamboonekwa kana kuti hwakamboonekwa (IgG). Sample imwe chete muropa inogona kupa mhedzisiro yekuongorora, zvichiita kuti nguva yekuongorora ive pfupi zvikuru.
   • Mashandisirwo: Inonyanya kukodzera nzvimbo dzisina mari yakawanda yekurapa kana senzira yekuongorora nekukurumidza panguva yekupararira kwedenda.
3. Dzimwe Nzira Dzekukurumidzira Kuedza
   Zvishandiso zvekuedza nekukurumidza zvakaita se colloidal gold immunochromatographic tests zvakashandiswawo, izvo zvinogona kupa mhedzisiro yekutanga mukati memaminitsi gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri uye zvakakodzera kuzvipatara zvevana vanorwara uye kuongororwa panzvimbo yacho.

Kunyangwe bvunzo dzemasero eropa dzichibatsira nekuti dzinokurumidza uye dziri nyore, mhedzisiro yadzo inofanira kutongwa zvakakwana pamwe chete nezviratidzo zvekiriniki zvemurwere, nhoroondo yezvirwere, uye kumwe kuongororwa kwerabhoritari (senge blood culture uye PCR molecular testing) kudzivirira kuongororwa zvisizvo.

Kudzivirira uye Kurapa

Nzira dzinoshanda zvikuru dzekudziviriratyphoidfivha ndeyekuchengetedza hutsanana hwemunhu, kunwa mvura yakachengeteka, uye kubaiwa majekiseni ekudzivirira fivha.typhoidfivha. Kana yaonekwa, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inofanira kushandiswa nekukurumidza pakurapwa. Zvisinei, kuwedzera kwemarudzi asingarapiki nemishonga mumakore achangopfuura kwakaunza matambudziko matsva pakurapwa kwekiriniki.

Muchidimbu,typhoid fivha iri kuramba ichityisidzira hutano hwevanhu munzvimbo dzakawanda pasi rose. Kuongororwa kwemasero eropa, senzira yakakosha yekuongorora chirwere, kunotarisirwa kuwedzera huwandu hwechirwere ichi nekukurumidza.typhoid fivha nerutsigiro rwematekinoroji akagadziridzwa nguva dzose, zvichipa rutsigiro rwekudzora kupararira kwezvirwere zvinobudirira.

Baysen MedicalChinangwa chedu ndechekutarisa nzira dzekuongorora kuti tivandudze hupenyu. Takagadzira mapuratifomu mashanu etekinoroji - Latex, colloidal gold, Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, Molecular, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay. Kuongororwa kweTyphoid IgG/Igm nekukurumidza yekuongorora kukuvara kweitsvo padanho rekutanga.