Iyo Yemahara Prostate-Specific Antigen (f-PSA) bvunzo ibwe repakona remazuva ano urological diagnostics, ichiita basa rinokosha mukuongororwa kwakaringana kwengozi yegomarara reprostate. Kukosha kwaro hakusi sechidzitiro chekutarisa chakamira asi sechisungo chakakosha kune yakazara PSA (t-PSA) bvunzo, inosimbisa zvakanyanya kuongororwa kwekuongorora uye kutungamira sarudzo dzakakomba dzekiriniki, kunyanya nekubatsira kudzivirira nzira dzisina kufanira.

Dambudziko rakakosha mukuongororwa kenza yeprostate ndiko kushomeka kweiyo T-PSA. Chiyero chepamusoro cheT-PSA (chinyakare> 4 ng/mL) chinogona kukonzerwa nekenza yeprostate, asiwo nemamiriro ekunze akadai seBenign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) uye prostatitis. Izvi zvinogadzira yakakosha "diagnostic grey zone," kunyanya kune t-PSA kukosha pakati pe4 ne10 ng/mL. Kune varume vari mumhando iyi, sarudzo yekuenderera mberi neprostate biopsy - nzira inoparadza ine njodzi dzinogona kuitika sekubuda ropa, utachiona, uye kusagadzikana - inova yakaoma. Iri muchirevo chechinyorwa ichi kuti iyo f-PSA bvunzo inoratidza kukosha kwayo kukuru.

Iko kukosha kukuru kwef-PSA kuri mukukwanisa kwayo kukwenenzvera kuongororwa kwenjodzi kuburikidza nef-PSA kusvika t-PSA chiyero (muzana yemahara PSA). Biochemically, PSA iripo muropa mumhando mbiri: yakasungwa kumapuroteni uye yemahara. Tsvagiridzo yagara yakaratidza kuti chikamu chef-PSA chakaderera muvarume vane kenza yeprostate zvichienzaniswa neavo vane BPH. Masero anokuvadza anowanzo gadzira PSA inopinda muropa uye inosungwa nyore nyore, zvichiita kuti pave nechikamu chakaderera chefomu yekusununguka. Sezvineiwo, chikamu chepamusoro chef-PSA chinowanzobatanidzwa nebhenign kuwedzera.

Uyu mutsauko webiochemical unowedzerwa kukiriniki kuverenga iyo muzana yemahara PSA. A yakaderera muzana yemahara PSA (semuenzaniso, pazasi 10-15%, ine chaiwo machekwa-akasiyana akasiyana) inoratidza mukana wepamusoro wekenza yeprostate uye inopembedza zvakasimba kurudziro yeprostate biopsy. Sezvineiwo, yakakwira muzana yemahara PSA (semuenzaniso, pamusoro pe20-25%) inoratidza mukana wakaderera wegomarara, zvichiratidza kuti kukwidziridzwa kwet-PSA kunowanzoitika nekuda kweBPH. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, chiremba anogona kukurudzira nechivimbo nzira yekucherechedza-inosanganisira kudzokorora kuongorora kwePSA uye kuongororwa kwema digital rectal nekufamba kwenguva-panzvimbo yekukurumidza biopsy.

Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo imwechete yakakosha kukanganisa kwef-PSA kuyedzwa ndiko kudzikiswa kwakanyanya mukusakosha kweprostate biopsies. Nekupa ruzivo urwu rwakakomba rwerusarura, bvunzo inobatsira kudzivirira huwandu hukuru hwevarume kubva mukuita maitiro evasingade, nekudaro kuderedza kurwara kwemurwere, kudzikisa mutengo wehutano, uye kuderedza kushushikana kwakanyanya kwakabatana nebiopsy uye kumirira mhedzisiro yayo.

Kupfuura yekare 4-10 ng/mL grey zone, f-PSA yakakoshawo mune zvimwe zviitiko: kuvarume vane t-PSA inoramba ichikwira kunyangwe yakamboitika isina kunaka biopsy, kana kunyangwe kune avo vane yakajairika t-PSA asi isina kujairika dhijitari rectal bvunzo. Iri kuwedzera kuverengerwa mu-multi-parametric risk calculators kuti iwedzere kuongororwa.

Mukupedzisa, kukosha kwef-PSA kuyedzwa hakugone kuwedzeredzwa. Iyo inoshandura iyo isina kuchena, isina-yakananga t-PSA mhedzisiro kuita ine simba uye nehungwaru yekuongorora chishandiso. Nekugonesa kusarudzika kwenjodzi mukati meiyo diagnostic grey zone, inopa simba varapi kuti vaite zvakawanda zvine ruzivo, zvine humbowo sarudzo, pakupedzisira kugadzirisa kuchengetwa kwevarwere nekudzikisira zvakachengetedzeka-kuongororwa uye kuwandisa uku vachiona kuti varume vari panjodzi huru vanozivikanwa uye biopsied nekukasira.