Cudurrada faafa ee ka dhasha kaneecada: khataraha iyo ka hortagga

Kaneecadu waxay ka mid tahay xayawaanka ugu khatarta badan adduunka. Qaniinyadoodu waxay gudbiyaan cuduro badan oo dilaa ah, taasoo keenta boqolaal kun oo dhimasho ah adduunka oo dhan sannad kasta. Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobka, cudurrada ka dhasha kaneecada (sida duumada iyo qandhada dengue) waxay qaadaan in ka badan boqollaal milyan oo qof, taasoo khatar weyn ku ah caafimaadka dadweynaha. Maqaalkani wuxuu soo bandhigi doonaa cudurrada faafa ee ugu waaweyn ee ka dhasha kaneecada, hababka gudbinta, iyo tallaabooyinka ka hortagga iyo xakamaynta.

I. Sidee bay kaneecadu u faafisaa cudurrada?

Kaneecadu waxay faafisaa jeermiska (fayrasyada, dulinleyda, iwm.) dadka ama xayawaanka qaba cudurka una gudbisaa dadka caafimaadka qaba iyagoo nuugaya dhiigga. Habka gudbinta waxaa ka mid ah:

1. Qaniinyo qof cudurka qaba: Kaneecadu waxay neefsataa dhiig ay ku jirto jeermiska keena.
2. Ku dhufashada jeermiska ee kaneecada gudaheedaFayraska ama dulinku wuxuu ku dhacaa kaneecada dhexdeeda (tusaale ahaan, Plasmodium wuxuu dhammaystiraa wareeggeeda nololeed ee kaneecada Anopheles).
3. Gudbinta martida cusub: Marka kaneecadu mar kale qaniinto, cudur-sidaha ayaa jidhka ka gala candhuuf.

Noocyada kala duwan ee kaneecada waxay gudbiyaan cuduro kala duwan, sida:

• Aedes aegypti- Dengue, Chikv, Zika, iyo Qandhada Jaallaha ah
• Kaneecada Anopheles- Duumada
• Kaneecada Culex– Fayraska West Nile, Encephalitis-ka Jabbaan

II. Cudurrada Faafa ee ugu Waaweyn ee Kaneecada ku Dhasha

(1) Cudurrada Fayraska

1. Qandhada Dengue
   • Cudur-sidahaFayraska Dengue (4 nooc oo serotypes ah)
   • Astaamaha: Qandho badan, madax-xanuun daran, xanuun muruq; waxay isu beddeli kartaa dhiig-bax ama shoog.
   • Gobollada faafa: Deegaannada kulaylaha iyo kuwa ka hooseeya (Koonfur-bari Aasiya, Latin Ameerika).
2. Cudurka Fayraska Zika
   • KhatartaCaabuqa haweenka uurka leh wuxuu sababi karaa microcephaly ilmaha; oo lala xiriiriyo xanuunnada neerfaha.

3. Qandhada Chikungunya

• Sabab: Fayraska Chikungunya (CHIKV)
• Noocyada kaneecada ugu muhiimsan: Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus
• Astaamaha: Qandho badan, xanuun daran oo kala-goysyada ah (oo laga yaabo inuu socdo dhowr bilood).

4.Qandho Jaalle ah

• Astaamaha: Qandho, cagaarshow, dhiigbax; heer dhimasho oo sareeya (talaal ayaa diyaar ah).

5.Cudurka Encephalitis-ka ee Jabbaan

• Vektor:Culex tritaeniorhynchus
• Astaamaha: Cudurka encephalitis, heerka dhimashada oo sarreeya (oo ku badan miyiga Aasiya).

(2) Cudurrada Bakteeriyada

1. Duumada
   • Cudur-sidahaDuumada: Duumada (Plasmodium falciparum waa tan ugu dhimashada badan)
   • Astaamaha: Qandho xilliyeed, qandho sare, iyo dhiig la'aan. Qiyaastii 600,000 oo dhimasho ah sannadkii.
2. Cudurka Filariasis (Elephantiasis)
   
   • Cudur-sidahaGooryaanka Filarial (Wuchereria bancrofti,Malayi Brugia)
   • Astaamaha: Dhaawac ku yimaada limfiga, taasoo keenta barar ku dhaca xubnaha taranka ama xubnaha taranka.

III. Sidee looga hortagi karaa cudurrada ay kaneecadu qaaddo?

1. Ilaalinta Shaqsiga
   • Isticmaal daawada kaneecada ka celisa (oo ay ku jirto DEET ama picaridin).
   • Xiro dhar gacmo dheer leh oo isticmaal maro kaneeco ah (gaar ahaan kuwa lagu daweeyay sunta cayayaanka ee ka hortagga duumada).
   • Iska ilaali inaad dibadda u baxdo xilliga kaneecada (fiidkii iyo waaberigii).
2. Xakamaynta Deegaanka
   • Biyaha taagan ka saar (tusaale ahaan, dheriyada ubaxa iyo taayirada) si looga hortago taranka kaneecada.
   • Ku buufi cayayaanka cayayaanka bulshadaada ama isticmaal xakamaynta bayoolojiga (tusaale ahaan, korinta kalluunka kaneecada).
3. Tallaalka
   • Tallaallada qandhada jaalaha ah iyo tallaalka encephalitis-ka Japan waa ka hortag wax ku ool ah.
   • Tallaalka qandhada dengue (Dengvaxia) ayaa laga heli karaa qaar ka mid ah waddamada, laakiin isticmaalkiisu waa xaddidan yahay.

IV. Caqabadaha Caalamiga ah ee Xakamaynta Cudurrada

• Isbeddelka cimiladaCudurrada ay kaneecadu qaaddo ayaa ku faafaya gobollada cimilada qabow (tusaale ahaan, dengue ee Yurub).
• Iska caabbinta cayayaankaKaneecada ayaa iska caabinaysa sunta cayayaanka ee caadiga ah.
• Xaddidaadaha tallaalkaTallaalka duumada (RTS,S) wuxuu leeyahay waxtar qayb ahaan; xalal wanaagsan ayaa loo baahan yahay.

Gunaanad

Cudurrada ka dhasha kaneecada ayaa weli ah khatar weyn oo caafimaad oo caalami ah, gaar ahaan gobollada kulaylaha. Ka hortag wax ku ool ah - iyada oo loo marayo xakamaynta kaneecada, tallaalka, iyo tallaabooyinka caafimaadka dadweynaha - ayaa si weyn u yareyn kara caabuqyada. Iskaashiga caalamiga ah, hal-abuurka tignoolajiyada, iyo wacyigelinta dadweynaha ayaa fure u ah la dagaallanka cudurradan mustaqbalka.

Baysen Medicalhad iyo jeer waxay diiradda saartaa farsamada ogaanshaha si loo hagaajiyo tayada nolosha. Waxaan soo saarnay 5 goobood oo tignoolajiyadeed - Latex, dahab colloidal ah, Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, Molecular, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay.Tijaabada degdegga ah ee Den-NS1, Tijaabada degdegga ah ee Den-IgG/IgM, Tijaabada degdega ah ee Dengue IgG/IgM-NS1 ee isku-dhafka ah, Baaritaan degdeg ah oo Mal-PF ah, Baaritaan degdeg ah oo Mal-PF/PV ah, Tijaabada degdega ah ee Mal-PF/PAN si loo baaro cudurkan faafa goor hore.