Mokhatlo pakeng tsa ho ruruha ha mala, botsofali le lefu la Alzheimer's Pathology

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, kamano pakeng tsa gut microbiota le mafu a methapo e fetohile sebaka sa lipatlisiso. Bopaki bo ntseng bo eketseha bo bontša hore ho ruruha ha mala (joaloka leaky mala le dysbiosis) ho ka ama tsoelo-pele ea mafu a neurodegenerative, haholo-holo lefu la Alzheimer's (AD), ka "gut-brain axis". Sehlooho sena se hlahloba kamoo ho ruruha ha mala ho eketsehang ka lilemo le ho hlahloba kamano ea eona le lefu la AD (tse kang β-amyloid deposition le neuroinflammation), ho fana ka maikutlo a macha bakeng sa ho kenella pele ho AD.

1. Selelekela

Lefu la Alzheimer (AD) ke lefu le atileng haholo la neurodegenerative, le khetholloang ka li-plaque tsa β-amyloid (Aβ) le hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Leha lintlha tsa lefutso (mohlala, APOE4) e le lintlha tse kholo tsa kotsi ea AD, litšusumetso tsa tikoloho (mohlala, lijo, bophelo bo botle ba mala) le tsona li ka kenya letsoho tsoelo-peleng ea AD ka ho ruruha ho sa foleng. Mala, joalo ka setho se seholo sa 'mele sa ho itšireletsa mafung, a ka ama bophelo ba boko ka litsela tse ngata, haholo nakong ea botsofali.

2. Ho ruruha Malapeng le Botsofali

2.1 Ho fokotseha ho amanang le lilemo mosebetsing oa thibelo ea mala
Ka lilemo, botšepehi ba mokoallo oa mala bo fokotseha, bo lebisang ho "leaky gut", e lumellang metabolites ea baktheria (e kang lipopolysaccharide, LPS) ho kena ho potoloha ha mali, e leng ho bakang ho ruruha ha tsamaiso ea boemo bo tlaase. Liphuputso li bontšitse hore mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea limela tsa mala ho batho ba hōlileng e fokotseha, libaktheria tse thibelang ho ruruha (tse kang Proteobacteria) lia eketseha, 'me libaktheria tse khahlanong le ho ruruha (joaloka Bifidobacterium) lia fokotseha, li mpefatsa karabelo ea ho ruruha.

2.2 Mabaka a ho ruruha le botsofali
Ho ruruha ho sa foleng ha boemo bo tlaase ("ho tsofala ho ruruha", Ho ruruha) ke tšobotsi ea bohlokoa ea botsofali. Mabaka a ho ruruha ka mpeng (joalo kaIL-6, TNF-α) e ka kena bokong ka ho potoloha ha mali, ho kenya tšebetsong microglia, ho khothalletsa neuroinflammation, le ho potlakisa mokhoa oa lefu la AD.

le ho khothaletsa neuroinflammation, ka hona ho potlakisa lefu la AD.

3. Khokahanyo Pakeng Tsa Ho ruruha ha Mala le Lefu la Alzheimer's Pathology

3.1 Gut Dysbiosis le Aβ Deposition

Mehlala ea liphoofolo e bonts'itse hore tšitiso ea limela tsa mala e ka eketsa tlhahiso ea Aβ. Ka mohlala, litoeba tse phekoloang ka lithibela-mafu li fokolitse Aβ plaque, ha maemo a Aβ a ntse a eketseha ho litoeba tse nang le dysbiosis. Li-metabolite tse ling tsa baktheria (tse kang li-short-chain fatty acids, SCFAs) li ka ama tumello ea Aβ ka ho laola tšebetso ea microglial.

3.2 The Gut-Brain Axis le Neuroinflammation

Ho ruruha ha maleng ho ka ama boko ka vagal, tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung le mekhoa ea metabolic:

• Vagal pathway: matšoao a ho ruruha ka mpeng a fetisoa ka methapo ea vagus ho CNS, e amang hippocampal le prefrontal cortex function.
• Ho ruruha ha tsamaiso: Likarolo tsa baktheria tse kang LPS li kenya tšebetsong microglia le ho khothalletsa neuroinflammation, ho mpefatsa lefu la tau le tšenyo ea methapo.
• Liphello tsa Metabolic: Gut dysbiosis e ka ama metabolism ea tryptophan, e lebisang ho se leka-lekaneng ho li-neurotransmitters (mohlala, 5-HT) le ho ama ts'ebetso ea kelello.

3.3 Bopaki ba Clinical

• Bakuli ba nang le AD ba na le sebopeho se fapaneng haholo sa limela tsa mala ho feta batho ba baholo ba phetseng hantle, mohlala, karolelano e sa tloaelehang ea Thick-walled phylum/Antibacterial phylum.
• Maemo a mali a LPS a amana hantle le ho tiea ha AD.
• Mehato ea li-probiotic (mohlala, Bifidobacterium bifidum) e fokotsa ho beoa ha Aβ le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea kelello mefuteng ea liphoofolo.

4. Maano a ka Kenoang

Liphetoho tsa lijo: lijo tse nang le fiber e ngata, lijo tsa Mediterranean li ka khothalletsa kholo ea libaktheria tse molemo le ho fokotsa ho ruruha.

1. Probiotics / Prebiotics: tlatsetso ka mefuta e itseng ea libaktheria (mohlala, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) e ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea thibelo ea mala.
2. Litlhare tse thibelang ho ruruha: lithethefatsi tse lebisang ho ruruha mala (mohlala, TLR4 inhibitors) li ka liehisa tsoelo-pele ea AD.
3. Mekhoa ea mekhoa ea bophelo: boikoetliso le ho fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo li ka boloka ho leka-lekana ha limela tsa mala

5. Qetello le Maikutlo a Bokamoso

Ho ruruha ha mala ho eketseha ka lilemo mme ho ka kenya letsoho ho lefu la AD ka mokokotlo oa boko ba mala. Lithuto tsa nako e tlang li lokela ho hlakisa hape kamano ea sesosa pakeng tsa limela tse itseng le AD le ho hlahloba mekhoa ea thibelo ea AD le kalafo e thehiloeng taolong ea limela tsa mala. Lipatlisiso sebakeng sena li ka fana ka lipehelo tse ncha tsa ho kenella kapele ho mafu a neurodegenerative.

Xiamen Baysen Medical We Baysen Medical e lula e tsepamisitse maikutlo holima mokhoa oa ho hlahloba ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo. Re thehile li-platform tsa theknoloji tse 5- Latex, colloidal gold, Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, Molecular,Chemiluminescence Immunoassay. Re tsepamisa maikutlo ho bophelo bo botle ba mala, le ronaTlhahlobo ea CAL se sebedisoang ho bona ho ruruha ka maleng.

Litšupiso :

1. Vogt, NM, le ba bang. (2017). "Liphetoho tsa Gut microbiome ho lefu la Alzheimer."Litlaleho tsa Mahlale.
2. Dodiya, HB, et al. (2020). "Ho ruruha ha mala ho sa foleng ho mpefatsa lefu la tau mokhoeng oa toeba oa lefu la Alzheimer."Nature Neuroscience.
3. Franceschi, C., le ba bang. (2018). "Ho ruruha: pono e ncha ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung bakeng sa mafu a amanang le lilemo."Litlhahlobo tsa Tlhaho Endocrinology.