Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) Overview

Intsholongwane yeChikungunya (CHIKV) yintsholongwane esasazwa yingcongconi eyona nto ibangela iChikungunya fever. Oku kulandelayo sisishwankathelo esineenkcukacha zentsholongwane:

1. Iimpawu zeNtsholongwane

• Ulwahlulo: YeyokubaTogaviridaeusapho, uhloboAlphavirus.
• I-Genome: Intsholongwane yeRNA enemisonto enye enemisonto enye.
• Iindlela zosulelo: Ngokuyintloko isasazwa yi-Aedes aegypti kunye ne-Aedes albopictus, i-vectors efanayo ne-dengue kunye ne-Zika virus.

• Iindawo ezihlala zikho: Imimandla yeTropiki kunye neTropiki eAfrika, eAsia, eMelika, nakwiZiqithi zoLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya.

2. Ukusebenza kweklinikhi

• Ixesha lokufukamela: Ngokuqhelekileyo iintsuku ezi-3-7.
• Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo:
  • Ubushushu obuphezulu ngesiquphe (>39°C).
  • Iintlungu ezibuhlungu ezidibeneyo (ezichaphazela kakhulu izandla, izihlahla, amadolo, njl.), Ezinokuhlala iiveki ukuya kwiinyanga.
  • I-Maculopapular rash (ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-trunk kunye nemilenze).
  • Iintlungu zezihlunu, intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu.
• Iimpawu ezingapheliyo: Ngokumalunga ne-30% -40% yezigulane zifumana intlungu edibeneyo eqhubekayo, enokuhlala iinyanga okanye iminyaka.
• Umngcipheko wesifo esibi kakhulu: Abantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa, abantu abadala kunye nezigulane ezinezifo ezingapheliyo zinokuhlakulela iingxaki ze-neurological (ezifana ne-meningitis) okanye ukufa, kodwa izinga lokufa ngokubanzi liphantsi (<1%).

3. Ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango

• Iindlela zokuxilonga:
  • Uvavanyo lwe-Serological: I-IgM / IgG antibodies (ifumaneka malunga neentsuku ze-5 emva kokuqala).
  • Uvavanyo lwe-molecular: RT-PCR (ukubona i-RNA yentsholongwane kwisigaba esinzima).
  • Kufuneka umahluko ukusukaidengue umkhuhlane, intsholongwane yeZika, njl. (iimpawu ezifanayo)
• Unyango:
  • Akukho ichiza elithile le-antiviral, kwaye inkxaso yeempawu lolona nyango luphambili:
    • Ukuphelisa iintlungu / umkhuhlane (uphephe i-aspirin ngenxa yengozi yokopha).
    • Hydration kunye nokuphumla.
    • Iintlungu ezidibeneyo ezingapheliyo zinokufuna iziyobisi ezichasayo okanye i-physiotherapy.

4. Amanyathelo okuthintela

• Ulawulo lweengcongconi:
  • Sebenzisa iminatha yeengcongconi kunye nezixhobo zokugxotha iingcongconi (kubandakanya i-DEET, i-picaridin, njl.).
  • Susa amanzi amileyo (ukunciphisa iindawo ezizalela kuyo iingcongconi).
• Ingcebiso yokuhamba: Thatha amanyathelo okhuseleko xa usiya kwiindawo ezinemikhono emide kwaye unxibe impahla enemikhono emide.
• Uphuhliso lwesitofu sokugonya: Ukusukela ngo-2023, akukho zitofu zokugonya ziqalisiwe, kodwa ezinye izitofu zokugonya zikulingo lwezonyango (ezifana nezitofu ezifana nentsholongwane).

5. Ukubaluleka kweMpilo yoLuntu

• Umngcipheko wokuqhambuka: Ngenxa yosasazo olubanzi lweengcongconi ze-Aedes kunye nokufudumala kwemozulu, umda wokosuleleka unokwanda.
• Ubhubhani wehlabathi: Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uqhambuko lwenzekile kwiindawo ezininzi kwiCaribbean, eMzantsi Asia (njengeIndiya nePakistan) naseAfrika.

6. Umahluko ongundoqo ukusukaIdengueIfiva

• Ukufana: Zomibini zihanjiswa yi-Aedes mosquito kwaye zineempawu ezifanayo (umkhuhlane, ukuqhuma).
• Ukwahlula: I-Chikungunya ibonakala ngeentlungu ezinzima ezidibeneyo, ngelixaidenguekunokwenzeka ukuba kubangele ukuthambekela ukopha okanye ukothuka.

Isiphelo:

Thina iBaysen Medical sihlala sigxile kwindlela yokuxilonga ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi. Siphuhlise amaqonga ama-5 etekhnoloji- iLatex, igolide ye-colloidal, iFluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, iMolekyuli, iChemiluminescence Immunoassay.Sikwagxile kuvavanyo lwezifo ezosulelayo,Uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lweDengue NSI,Uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lweDengue IgG/IgM, I-Dengue NSI kunye ne-IgG/IgM combo uvavanyo olukhawulezayo