I-Ferritin: I-Biomarker ekhawulezayo nechanekileyo yokuvavanya ukunqongophala kwentsimbi kunye ne-anemia

Intshayelelo

Ukunqongophala kwesinyithi kunye ne-anemia ziingxaki zempilo eziqhelekileyo kwihlabathi liphela, ngakumbi kumazwe asakhasayo, abafazi abakhulelweyo, abantwana kunye nabasetyhini abakwiminyaka yokuzala. I-anemia yokungabikho kwesinyithi (IDA) ayichaphazeli kuphela umsebenzi womzimba nowengqondo wabantu, kodwa inokunyusa nomngcipheko weengxaki zokukhulelwa kunye nokulibaziseka kokukhula kwabantwana. Ke ngoko, ukuvavanywa kwangethuba kunye nokungenelela kubalulekile. Phakathi kweempawu ezininzi zokufumanisa, i-ferritin ibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuhlola ukunqongophala kwesinyithi kunye ne-anemia ngenxa yobuntununtunu bayo obuphezulu kunye nokuchaneka kwayo. Eli nqaku liza kuxoxa ngeempawu zebhayoloji ze-ferritin, iingenelo zayo ekuxilongweni kokunqongophala kwesinyithi kunye ne-anemia, kunye nexabiso layo lokusetyenziswa kweklinikhi.

Iimpawu zebhayoloji zeI-Ferritin

I-Ferritinyiprotheyini yokugcina isinyithi ekhoyo kakhulu kwizicubu zomntu. Yenziwa ikakhulu sisibindi, i-spleen kunye nomongo wamathambo. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukugcina isinyithi kunye nokulawula ibhalansi yemetabolism yesinyithi. Egazini, uxinzelelo lwei-ferritininxulumene kakuhle nokugcinwa kwesinyithi emzimbeni. Ke ngoko, i-serumi-ferritinamanqanaba yenye yezona zibonakaliso zibuthathaka zesimo sokugcina isinyithi emzimbeni. Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, inqanaba le-ferritin kumadoda amadala limalunga ne-30-400 ng/mL, kwaye kwabasetyhini liyi-15-150 ng/mL, kodwa kwimeko yokungabikho kwesinyithi, eli xabiso liya kuncipha kakhulu.

Iingenelo zeI-Ferritinkwi-Iron Deficiency Screening

1. Uvakalelo oluphezulu, ukufunyanwa kwangoko kokungabikho kwesinyithi

Uphuhliso lokungabikho kwesinyithi lwahlulwe ngamanqanaba amathathu:

• Inqanaba lokunqongophala kwesinyithi: isinyithi sokugcina(i-ferritin) iyancipha, kodwa i-hemoglobin iqhelekile;
• Isigaba se-erythropoiesis yokungabikho kwesinyithi:i-ferritinukuncipha ngakumbi, ukuqina kwe-transferrin kuncipha;
• Inqanaba le-anemia yokungabikho kwesinyithi: i-hemoglobin iyancipha, kwaye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-anemia ziyavela.

Iindlela zokuhlola zemveli (ezifana novavanyo lwe-hemoglobin) zinokubona kuphela iingxaki kwinqanaba le-anemia, ngelixai-ferritinUvavanyo lunokubona izinto ezingaqhelekanga kwinqanaba lokuqala lokungabikho kwesinyithi, ngaloo ndlela lunika ithuba lokungenelela kwangoko.

2. Ukuchaneka Okuphezulu, Ukunciphisa Ukuxilongwa Okungafanelekanga

Izifo ezininzi (ezifana nokudumba okungapheliyo kunye nosulelo) zinokubangela i-anemia, kodwa azibangelwa kukungabikho kwesinyithi. Kwimeko enjalo, ukuthembela kuphela kwi-hemoglobin okanye kwi-mean corpuscular volume (MCV) kunokugweba ngendlela engafanelekanga unobangela.I-FerritinUvavanyo lunokwahlula ngokuchanekileyo i-anemia yokungabikho kwesinyithi kwezinye iintlobo ze-anemia (ezifana ne-anemia yesifo esingapheliyo), nto leyo ephucula ukuchaneka kokuxilonga.

3. Iyakhawuleza kwaye ilula, ifanelekile ukuvavanywa okukhulu

Ubuchwepheshe banamhlanje bokuvavanya iikhemikhali kwenza ukuqinisekiswa kwe-ferritin kukhawuleze kwaye kungabizi kakhulu, kwaye kufanelekile kwiiprojekthi zempilo yoluntu ezifana nokuhlolwa koluntu, ukhathalelo lwempilo yoomama neentsana, kunye nokubeka iliso kwisondlo somntwana. Xa kuthelekiswa novavanyo olungena ngaphakathi olufana nokudaya isinyithi somongo wethambo (umgangatho wegolide), uvavanyo lwe-ferritin yeserum kulula ukulukhuthaza.

Ukusetyenziswa kweFerritin kwizonyango kuLawulo lwe-Anemia

1. Unyango olukhokelayo lokongeza isinyithi

I-Ferritinamanqanaba anokunceda oogqirha ukuba bagqibe ukuba izigulana zifuna ukongezwa kwesinyithi na kwaye bajonge ukusebenza kakuhle konyango. Umzekelo:

• I-Ferritin<30 ng/mL: ibonisa ukuba iindawo zokugcina isinyithi ziphelile kwaye kufuneka ukongezwa kwesinyithi;
• I-Ferritin<15 ng/mL: ibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba kukho i-anemia yokungabikho kwesinyithi;
• Xa unyango lusebenza kakuhle, i-ferritin amanqanaba aya kunyuka kancinci kancinci kwaye angasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukusebenza kakuhle

1. Isikhokelo Sokongeza Isinyithi

I-Ferritinamanqanaba anceda oogqirha ukuba baqonde imfuneko yonyango lwesinyithi kwaye bajonge ukusebenza kakuhle konyango. Umzekelo:

• I-Ferritin<30 ng/mL: Ibonisa ukuba i-iron eseleyo igciniwe, ifuna ukongezwa.
• I-Ferritin<15 ng/mL: Ibonisa kakhulu ukuba kukho i-anemia yokungabikho kwesinyithi.
• Ngexesha lonyango, ukunyukai-ferritinamanqanaba aqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle konyango.

2. Ukuhlolwa kwamaqela akhethekileyo

• Abafazi abakhulelweyo: imfuno yesinyithi iyanda ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kwayei-ferritinUvavanyo lunokuthintela iingxaki zoomama kunye nosana.
• Abantwana: ukunqongophala kwesinyithi kuchaphazela uphuhliso lwengqondo, kwaye ukuhlolwa kwangethuba kunokuphucula ukuqikelela kwangaphambili.
• Izigulane ezinezifo ezingapheliyo: ezifana nezigulane ezinesifo sezintso kunye nesifo samathumbu esidumbileyo,i-ferritin xa zidityaniswe ne-transferrin saturation zinokuchonga uhlobo lwe-anemia.

Imida yeI-FerritinUvavanyo kunye neZisombululo

Nangona i-ferritin iluphawu olukhethwayo lokuhlola ukungabikho kwesinyithi, kufuneka itolikwe ngononophelo kwezinye iimeko:

• Ukudumba okanye usulelo:I-Ferritin, njengeprotheyini ye-acute phase reactant, inokuthi inyuswe ngokungeyonyani kwisifo, ithumba okanye ukudumba okungapheliyo. Kwimeko enjalo, inokudityaniswaIprotheyini esebenzayo ye-C (CRP) ori-transferrinukugcwala ukuze kugwetywe ngokupheleleyo.
• Isifo sesibindi:I-FerritinKwizigulane ezine-cirrhosis kunokwanda ngenxa yomonakalo weeseli zesibindi kwaye kufuneka kuhlolwe kunye nezinye izalathisi ze-iron metabolism.

Isiphelo

I-FerritinUvavanyo luye lwaba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuhlola ukungabikho kwesinyithi kunye ne-anemia ngenxa yokuba lunobuntununtunu obuphezulu, ukucaca kwayo kunye nokulula kwayo. Ayinakubona nje kuphela ukungabikho kwesinyithi kwangethuba kwaye ithintele ukuqhubeka kwe-anemia, kodwa ikwakhokela unyango oluchanekileyo kwaye iphucule ukubikezela kwesigulana. Kwimpilo yoluntu nakwimisebenzi yeklinikhi, ukukhuthazai-ferritin Uvavanyo lunokunceda ekunciphiseni umthwalo wesifo se-anemia yokungabikho kwesinyithi, ingakumbi kumaqela asengozini enkulu (njengabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, abantwana kunye nezigulane ezinezifo ezingapheliyo). Kwixesha elizayo, ngokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji yokufumanisa,i-ferritin inokudlala indima enkulu ekuthinteleni nasekulawuleni i-anemia kwihlabathi liphela.

I-Baysen Medical isoloko igxile kwindlela yokuxilonga ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi. Siphuhlise amaqonga etekhnoloji ama-5- iLatex, igolide ye-colloidal, uvavanyo lwe-Fluorescence Immunochromatographic, i-Molecular, i-Chemiluminescence Immunoassay, i-OurIkhithi yovavanyo lweFerritin ukusebenza lula kwaye ungafumana iziphumo zovavanyo kwimizuzu eli-15