Kutheni Uvavanyo lweMultiplex Lubalulekile Kule Nqanaba Lokuphefumla?

Kule veki, uMboniso we-2026 Guangzhou International Laboratory Medicine and In Vitro Diagnostics Exhibition uyaqhubeka, kwaye uvavanyo lwe-multiplex respiratory pathogen ngomnye wemiba ejongwe kakhulu kule ndawo. Emva kwale ngqwalasela kukho utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela yokusebenza kwezonyango: imeko ye-pathogen yezifo zokuphefumla isuke kumbuzo "wokukhetha omnye" yaya kumbuzo "wokukhetha omnye".

Idatha yamva nje yokujonga evela kwiZiko laseTshayina loLawulo lweZifo kunye nokuThintela (i-China CDC) ibonisa ukuba kwiVeki yama-43 ka-2026, phakathi kweesampuli zokuphefumla ezivela kwiimeko ezifana nomkhuhlane (ILI) kwizibhedlele zangaphandle kunye namasebe angxamisekileyo, amazinga okusuleleka yi-14.7% kwiintsholongwane yomkhuhlane, 11.7% kwi-rhinovirus, 4.1% kwi-human metapneumovirus, 4.3% kwi-parainfluenza virus, kunye ne-4.2% kwi-i-enterovirus. Intsholongwane ye-Respiratory syncytial viruss, i-adenovirus, i-bocavirus, kunye I-Mycoplasma pneumoniaekwafunyaniswa. Phakathi kweemeko zasezibhedlele zosulelo olukhulu lokuphefumla (SARI), izinga lokubonakala kwe-rhinovirus lifikelele kwi-11.0% kwaye laqhubeka linyuka xa lithelekiswa neveki ephelileyo. Uhlalutyo lwangaphambili lweKhomishini yezeMpilo yeSizwe lukwaphawule ngokucacileyo ukuba ukunyuka okuqhubekayo kwezifo zokuphefumla ezibukhali kunxulunyaniswa nokujikeleza kwegazi kunye nokufakwa ngaphezulu kwezifo ezininzi zokuphefumla. Iingcali zonyango kwiindawo zokulaliswa ngaphandle kunye neendawo ezingxamisekileyo azisabuzi kuphela ukuba “Ingaba ngumkhuhlane?” kodwa “Ngowuphi umkhuhlane—okanye zeziphi ezininzi ezikhoyo ngaxeshanye?”

Olu tshintsho lubonakala ngokuthe ngqo kuhlengahlengiso lwezicwangciso zovavanyo. I-2026 Expert Consensus on the Rational Clinical Application of Multiplex Pathogen Testing for Infectious Diseases ibeka imigaqo ephambili yovavanyo "olunezigaba ezahlukeneyo nolwahlukeneyo" kwaye ichasene novavanyo olungenamkhethe lwepaneli ye-broad-spectrum ngaphandle kwezibonakaliso. Kwiindawo zonyango lwangaphandle kunye nolwengxamiseko, isivumelwano sinika indlela ecacileyo: kwiimeko ezincinci apho kufuneka ukuchongwa kwe-pathogen, uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo lwe-antigen okanye uvavanyo lwe-nucleic acid olujolise kwi-2-6-target kufuneka lukhethwe, kunye nexesha lokuguqula (TAT) elingaphakathi kweeyure ezi-2; kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci, abantu abadala, okanye izigulane ezingaphenduliyo kunyango olusebenzayo, uvavanyo lunokwandiswa luye kwiithagethi ezi-2-10 ukuxhasa unyango olujoliswe ekulweni nosulelo. Kwiindawo zonyango ezilaliswayo nezinzima, uvavanyo lunyuswa ngakumbi luye kwiithagethi ezi-10-20-target multiplex nucleic acid, olugubungela iintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-antimicrobial resistance genes. Ngamanye amazwi, into efunekayo koogqirha asikokuba "uvavanyo oluninzi, kokukhona lungcono," kodwa ziziphumo ezitolikwayo ezinikezelwa kwindawo efanelekileyo, kunye nomxube ochanekileyo, ngaphakathi kwexesha elamkelekileyo.

Kubavelisi be-IVD reagent, iziphumo zale ndlela yeklinikhi zicacile: ixabiso lemveliso alikho kwingqokelela nje yamanani ekujoliswe kuwo, kodwa ekubeni ingahlangabezana neemfuno eziqinileyo zezigulane zangaphandle kunye neemeko ezingxamisekileyo ze-TAT kunye nokugubungela ekujoliswe kuko, kwaye ingaba ingafikelela na ekusebenzeni okuqhelekileyo "kwesampulu, iziphumo" kwiindawo zokhathalelo lokuqala. Njengoko umsebenzi ngaxeshanye wezifo ezingaphezu kweshumi uba yinto eqhelekileyo ekwindla nasebusika, uvavanyo lwe-multiplex luyatshintsha ukusuka "kwinto eyongezelelweyo yokuzikhethela" ukuya kwiziseko ezibalulekileyo zokuxilongwa komahluko we-etiological kwiindawo zonyango zangaphandle kunye neemeko ezingxamisekileyo.