I-Association Between Gut Inflammation, Ukuguga, kanye ne-Alzheimer's Disease Pathology

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-gut microbiota kanye nezifo zemizwa sebuphenduke indawo yocwaningo. Ubufakazi obuningi bubonisa ukuthi ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu (okufana namathumbu avuzayo kanye ne-dysbiosis) kungase kuthinte ukuqhubeka kwezifo ze-neurodegenerative, ikakhulukazi isifo i-Alzheimer's (AD), ngokusebenzisa “i-gut-brain axis”. Lesi sihloko sibuyekeza ukuthi ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu kwanda kanjani ngokukhula futhi kuhlolisisa ukuhlotshaniswa kwayo okungenzeka ne-AD pathology (njenge-β-amyloid deposition kanye neuroinflammation), ihlinzeka ngemibono emisha yokungenelela kokuqala kwe-AD.

1. Isingeniso

Isifo i-Alzheimer's (AD) yisifo esivame kakhulu se-neurodegenerative, esibonakala ngama-β-amyloid (Aβ) plaque kanye ne-hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Nakuba izici zofuzo (isb, i-APOE4) ziyizici ezinkulu zengozi ye-AD, imithelela yemvelo (isb, ukudla, impilo yamathumbu) ingase ibe nomthelela ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwe-AD ngokuvuvukala okungapheli. Amathumbu, njengesitho somzimba esikhulu sokuzivikela ezifweni, angase abe nomthelela empilweni yobuchopho ngezindlela eziningi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuguga.

2. Ukuvuvuka Kwethumbu Nokuguga

2.1 Ukwehla okuhlobene nobudala emsebenzini wokuvinjwa kwamathumbu
Ngokukhula, ubuqotho bomgoqo wamathumbu buyancipha, okuholela "ekuthunjini okuvuzayo", okuvumela i-metabolites yebhaktheriya (njenge-lipopolysaccharide, i-LPS) ukuthi ingene ekujikelezeni kwegazi, okubangela ukuvuvukala kwesistimu yezinga eliphansi. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukuhlukahluka kwezitshalo zamathumbu emathunjini asebekhulile kuncipha, amabhaktheriya ane-pro-inflammatory (njenge-Proteobacteria) ayanda, futhi amagciwane alwa nokuvuvukala (njenge-Bifidobacterium) ayancipha, aqhubekisela phambili impendulo yokuvuvukala.

2.2 Izinto ezibangela ukuvuvukala nokuguga
Ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwebanga eliphansi ("ukuguga kokuvuvukala", Ukuvuvukala) kuyisici esibalulekile sokuguga. Izici zokuvuvukala kwamathumbu (njengeI-IL-6, TNF-α) ingangena ebuchosheni ngokujikeleza kwegazi, yenze i-microglia isebenze, ikhuthaze i-neuroinflammation, futhi isheshise inqubo ye-pathological ye-AD.

kanye nokuthuthukisa i-neuroinflammation, ngaleyo ndlela kusheshiswe i-AD pathology.

3. Isixhumanisi Phakathi Kokuvuvukala Kwamathumbu kanye Nesifo I-Alzheimer's Pathology

3.1 I-Gut Dysbiosis kanye ne-Aβ Deposition

Amamodeli ezilwane abonise ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kwezitshalo zamathumbu kungakhuphula ukwakheka kwe-Aβ. Isibonelo, amagundane alashwe ngama-antibiotic ehlise ama-Aβ plaque, kuyilapho amazinga e-Aβ enyuka kumagundane ane-dysbiosis. Ama-metabolite athile ebhaktheriya (njengamafutha e-short-chain fatty acids, ama-SCFAs) angase athinte ukucaciswa kwe-Aβ ngokulawula ukusebenza kwe-microglial.

3.2 I-Gut-Brain Axis kanye Neuroinflammation

Ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu kungathinta ubuchopho nge-vagal, amasosha omzimba, kanye nezindlela ze-metabolic:

• Indlela ye-Vagal: izimpawu zokuvuvukala kwamathumbu zidluliselwa nge-vagus nerve ku-CNS, okuthinta i-hippocampal kanye nomsebenzi we-prefrontal cortex.
• Ukuvuvukala kwesistimu: Izingxenye zebhaktheriya ezifana ne-LPS zenza i-microglia zisebenze futhi zikhuthaze ukuvuvukala kwe-neuroinflammation, okubhebhethekisa i-tau pathology kanye nokulimala kwe-neuronal.
• Imiphumela ye-Metabolic: i-dysbiosis yamathumbu ingase ithinte i-tryptophan metabolism, okuholela ekungalinganini kwama-neurotransmitters (isb, i-5-HT) futhi ithinte umsebenzi wokuqonda.

3.3 Ubufakazi Bomtholampilo

• Iziguli ezine-AD zinokwakheka okuhluke kakhulu kwezitshalo zamathumbu kunabantu abadala abanempilo, isb, isilinganiso esingavamile se-Thick-walled phylum/Antibacterial phylum.
• Amazinga egazi e-LPS ahlotshaniswa kahle nobunzima be-AD.
• Ukungenelela kwama-probiotic (isb. i-Bifidobacterium bifidum) kunciphisa ukufakwa kwe-Aβ futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwengqondo kumamodeli ezilwane.

4. Amasu Okungenelela Angaba Khona

Ukuguqulwa kokudla: i-fiber ephezulu, ukudla kwaseMedithera kungase kukhuthaze ukukhula kwamabhaktheriya anenzuzo futhi kunciphise ukuvuvukala.

1. Ama-Probiotics/Ama-Prebiotics: ukwengezwa ngezinhlobo ezithile zebhaktheriya (isb, i-Lactobacillus, i-Bifidobacterium) kungase kuthuthukise ukusebenza komgoqo wamathumbu.
2. Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala: izidakamizwa eziqondise ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu (isb., ama-TLR4 inhibitors) zingase zibambezele ukukhula kwe-AD.
3. Ukungenelela kwendlela yokuphila: ukuzivocavoca nokunciphisa ingcindezi kungagcina ibhalansi yeflora yamathumbu

5. Isiphetho kanye Nemibono Yekusasa

Ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu kuyanda ngokukhula futhi kungase kube nomthelela ku-AD pathology ngokusebenzisa i-gut-brain axis. Ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo kufanele luphinde lucacise ubudlelwano obuyimbangela phakathi kwezitshalo ezithile ne-AD futhi luhlole amasu okuvimbela i-AD kanye nokwelashwa okusekelwe kumthethonqubo wezitshalo zamathumbu. Ucwaningo kule ndawo lungahlinzeka ngezinhloso ezintsha zokungenelela kusenesikhathi ezifweni ze-neurodeergenerative.

I-Xiamen Baysen Medical We Baysen Medical ihlezi igxile endleleni yokuxilonga ukuze ithuthukise izinga lempilo. Senze izinkundla zobuchwepheshe ezi-5- i-Latex, igolide eli-colloidal, i-Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, i-Molecular, i-Chemiluminescence Immunoassay. Sigxila empilweni yamathumbu, kanye neyethuUkuhlolwa kwe-CAL isetshenziselwa ukubona ukuvuvukala emathunjini.

Izithenjwa :

1. Vogt, NM, et al. (2017). "Izinguquko ze-Gut microbiome ku-Alzheimer's disease."Imibiko Yesayensi.
2. UDodiya, HB, et al. (2020). "Ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu okungapheli kubhebhethekisa i-tau pathology kumodeli yegundane yesifo i-Alzheimer's."Isayensi Yezemvelo.
3. Franceschi, C., et al. (2018). "Ukuvuvukala: umbono omusha we-immune-metabolic wezifo ezihlobene nobudala."Ukubuyekeza Imvelo Endocrinology.