Ungakanani Owaziyo Ngempilo Yezinso?

Izinso ziyizitho ezibalulekile emzimbeni womuntu, eziphethe imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuhlunga igazi, ukususa ukungcola, ukulawula ibhalansi yamanzi kanye ne-electrolyte, ukugcina umfutho wegazi ozinzile, kanye nokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga zezinso zivame ukuba nzima ukuzibona ezigabeni zokuqala, futhi ngesikhathi izimpawu sezibonakala, isimo singase sibe sibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi wonke umuntu aqonde ukubaluleka kwempilo yezinso futhi athole futhi avimbele isifo sezinso kusenesikhathi.

Imisebenzi Yezinso

Izinso zitholakala kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zesinqe sakho. Zinomumo ofana nobhontshisi futhi zingangesibhakela. Imisebenzi yazo eyinhloko ihlanganisa:

1. Ukuhlunga igazi:Izinso zihlunga cishe amalitha angu-180 egazi nsuku zonke, zisusa imfucuza ye-metabolic kanye namanzi angaphezulu, bese kwakheka umchamo wokukhipha emzimbeni.
2. Ukulawula ibhalansi ye-electrolyte:Izinso zinomthwalo wokulondoloza ibhalansi yama-electrolyte njenge-sodium, i-potassium, i-calcium, ne-phosphorus emzimbeni ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwemizwa nemisipha.
3. Ukulawula umfutho wegazi:Izinso zisiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi uzinzile ngokulawula ibhalansi yamanzi nosawoti emzimbeni kanye nokukhipha ama-hormone afana ne-renin.
4. Khuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi: Izinso zikhipha i-erythropoietin (i-EPO), evuselela umongo wamathambo ukuthi ukhiqize amangqamuzana abomvu egazi futhi ivimbele i-anemia.
5. Gcina amathambo ephilile: Izinso zibamba iqhaza ekusebenzeni kwe-vitamin D, zisiza ekumuncweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwe-calcium futhi zilondoloze impilo yamathambo.

Izimpawu Zokuqala Zesifo Sezinso

Isifo sezinso ngokuvamile asinazo izimpawu ezicacile ezigabeni zokuqala, kodwa njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, kungase kuvele izimpawu ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuphazamiseka Komchamo:Ukwehla komthamo womchamo, ukuchama njalo, umchamo omnyama noma onegwebu (proteinuria).
2. Ukuvuvukala:Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo, ubuso, izandla, izinyawo, noma izitho zangaphansi kungaba uphawu lokuthi izinso azikwazi ukukhipha amanzi amaningi ngendlela evamile.
3. Ukukhathala Nobuthakathaka:Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso kungaholela ekuqongeleleni ubuthi kanye nokuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni, okungabangela imizwa yokukhathala.
4. Ukulahlekelwa Yisifiso Sokudla kanye Nokucasuka:Uma ukusebenza kwezinso kuphazamiseka, ukuqongelela kobuthi emzimbeni kungathinta uhlelo lokugaya ukudla.
5. Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme:Isifo sezinso kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kuyimbangela yazo zombili. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wesikhathi eside ungalimaza izinso, kanti isifo sezinso singadala nomfutho wegazi ophezulu.
6. Ukuluma Kwesikhumba: Amazinga aphezulu e-phosphorus ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso angabangela ukuluma.

Indlela Yokuvikela Impilo Yezinso

1. Gcina Ukudla Okunempilo: Nciphisa ukudla kwakho okunosawoti omningi, ushukela namafutha amaningi, bese udla imifino emisha, izithelo, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele. Yidla inani elilinganiselwe lamaprotheni asezingeni eliphezulu, njengenhlanzi, inyama engenamafutha amaningi, nobhontshisi.
2. Hlala Umanzi:Amanzi anele asiza izinso ukuthi zikhiphe imfucuza. Kunconywa ukuphuza amalitha angu-1.5-2 amanzi ngosuku, kodwa inani elithile lidinga ukulungiswa ngokwezimo zomuntu ngamunye.
3. Lawula Umfutho Wegazi Noshukela Egazini:Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nesifo sikashukela kuyizinto eziyingozi kakhulu ezibangela isifo sezinso, futhi ukuqapha njalo nokulawula umfutho wegazi kanye namazinga kashukela egazini kubalulekile.
4. Gwema Ukusetshenziswa Kabi Kwemithi:Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi ethile (njengemithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal) kungalimaza izinso futhi kufanele kusetshenziswe ngendlela efanele ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela.
5. Yeka Ukubhema Futhi Unciphise Utshwala: Ukubhema nokuphuza ngokweqile kwandisa umthwalo ezinso futhi kulimaze impilo yemithambo yegazi.
6. Ukuhlolwa Okuvamile:Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 noma labo abanomlando womndeni wesifo sezinso kufanele bahlolwe njalo ngomchamo, bahlolwe ukusebenza kwezinso, futhi bahlolwe umfutho wegazi.

Izifo Ezivamile Zezinso

1. Isifo Sezinso Esingapheli (CKD): Ukusebenza kwezinso kuyaphela kancane kancane. Kungase kungabi khona zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala, kodwa i-dialysis noma ukufakelwa kwezinso kungadingeka ezigabeni zokugcina.
2. Ukulimala Kwezinso Okubukhali (AKI):Ukwehla ngokuzumayo kokusebenza kwezinso, okuvame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka okukhulu, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, noma ubuthi bemithi.
3. Amatshe EzinsoAmaminerali emchameni ayakha amakristalu futhi akhe amatshe, okungadala ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokuvaleka komgudu womchamo.
4. I-Nephritis: Ukuvuvukala kwezinso okubangelwa ukutheleleka noma izifo ezibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba.
5. Isifo Sezinso Esinama-Polycystic: Isifo sofuzo lapho ama-cyst akheka khona ezinso, okuphazamisa kancane kancane ukusebenza kwawo.

Isiphetho

Izinso ziyizitho zomzimba ezithule. Izifo eziningi zezinso azinazo izimpawu ezicacile ezigabeni zazo zokuqala, okwenza zinganakwa kalula. Ngokuphila impilo enempilo, ukuhlolwa njalo, kanye nokungenelela kwangesikhathi, singayivikela ngempumelelo impilo yezinso. Uma ubona izimpawu zezinkinga zezinso, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze uvimbele lesi simo ukuba singabi sibi kakhulu. Khumbula, impilo yezinso iyisisekelo esibalulekile sempilo iyonke futhi kufanele sinake futhi sinakekele thina.

I-Baysen MedicalKuhlala kugxilwe enkambisweni yokuxilonga ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yempilo. Sithuthukise amapulatifomu obuchwepheshe amahlanu - i-Latex, igolide le-colloidal, i-Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, i-Molecular, i-Chemiluminescence Immunoassay. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Alb Rapidfuthi Ukuhlolwa kwe-Immunoassay Albukuhlola ukulimala kwezinso esigabeni sokuqala.