Kungani Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Multiplex Kubalulekile Kulesi Sikhathi Sokuphefumula?

Kuleli sonto, umbukiso we-2026 Guangzhou International Laboratory Medicine and In Vitro Diagnostics Exhibition, kanti ukuhlolwa kwe-multiplex respiratory pathogen kungenye yezihloko ezibhekwe kakhulu kule ndawo. Ngemuva kwalokhu kugxilwa kukhona ushintsho lwangempela emisebenzini yezokwelapha: isimo se-pathogen yezifo zokuphefumula sisuke embuzweni "wokukhetha okukodwa" saya kowokukhetha okuningi".

Idatha yakamuva yokuqapha evela e-Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) ikhombisa ukuthi evikini lama-43 lika-2026, phakathi kwamasampula okuphefumula avela ezimweni ezifana nomkhuhlane (ILI) ezibhedlela zase-sentinel kanye neminyango yezimo eziphuthumayo, amazinga okutholakala kwesifo ayengu-14.7% kwabesifazane abane-HIV.igciwane lomkhuhlane, 11.7% we-rhinovirus, 4.1% we-human metapneumovirus, 4.3% we-parainfluenza virus, kanye no-4.2% we-i-enterovirus. Igciwane le-syncytial lokuphefumulas, i-adenovirus, i-bocavirus, kanye I-Mycoplasma pneumoniaekwatholakala futhi. Phakathi kwamacala asesibhedlela okutheleleka okukhulu kokuphefumula (i-SARI), izinga lokutholakala kwegciwane le-rhinovirus lifinyelele ku-11.0% futhi laqhubeka nokukhuphuka uma liqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule. Ukuhlaziywa kwangaphambilini yi-National Health Commission nakho kwaphawula ngokusobala ukuthi ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwezifo zokuphefumula eziphuthumayo kwakuhlotshaniswa nokujikeleza kwegazi kanye nokufakwa kwezifo eziningi zokuphefumula. Odokotela basezibhedlela ezingaphandle kwesibhedlela nasezindaweni eziphuthumayo abasabuzi nje kuphela ukuthi “Ingabe umkhuhlane?” kodwa “Yimuphi umkhuhlane—noma yiziphi eziningana ezikhona ngesikhathi esisodwa?”

Lolu shintsho lubonakala ngqo ekulungisweni kwamasu okuhlola. Isivumelwano Sochwepheshe sika-2026 mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-Rational Clinical Application of Multiplex Pathogen Testing for Infectious Diseases sibeka izimiso eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa "okunezigaba nokuzimele" futhi siphikisana nokuhlolwa kwephaneli ye-broad-spectrum okungakhethi ngaphandle kwezinkomba. Ezindaweni zokulaliswa esibhedlela kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo, ukuvumelana kunikeza indlela ecacile: ezimweni ezincane lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlonza i-pathogen, ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kwe-antigen noma ukuhlolwa kwe-nucleic acid okuqondiwe okungu-2-6 kufanele kukhethwe, ngesikhathi sokuguqula (i-TAT) singakapheli amahora ama-2; ezinsaneni nasezinganeni ezincane, abantu abadala, noma iziguli ezingaphenduli ekwelashweni okubonakalayo, ukuhlolwa kungandiswa kube yizinhloso ezingu-2-10 ukusekela ukwelashwa okuqondiwe okulwa nokutheleleka. Ezindaweni zokulaliswa esibhedlela kanye nasezindaweni ezinzima, ukuhlolwa kukhushulwa kube ukuhlolwa kwe-nucleic acid okuqondiwe okungu-10-20, okuhlanganisa amagciwane avamile kanye nezakhi zofuzo zokumelana namagciwane. Ngamanye amazwi, lokho odokotela abakudingayo akukhona "ukuhlolwa okuningi, kungcono," kodwa imiphumela ehunyushwayo enikezwa endaweni efanele, ngenhlanganisela efanele, ngaphakathi kwefasitela lesikhathi elamukelekayo.

Kubakhiqizi be-IVD reagent, imiphumela yale ndlela yezokwelapha icacile: inani lomkhiqizo alikho ekuqoqweni okulula kwezinombolo eziqondiwe, kodwa ekutheni lingahlangabezana yini nezidingo eziqinile zezilungiselelo zeziguli zangaphandle kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo ze-TAT kanye nokumbozwa okuqondiwe, nokuthi lingafinyelela yini ukusebenza okujwayelekile "kokufaka isampula, umphumela" ezindaweni zokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo. Njengoba umsebenzi wasikhathi esisodwa wezifo ezingaphezu kweshumi uba yinto evamile ekwindla nasebusika, ukuhlolwa kwe-multiplex kuyashintsha kusuka "kokunye okungakhethwa" kuya engqalasizinda ebalulekile yokuxilongwa kokwehluka kwe-etiological ezindaweni zeziguli zangaphandle kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo.