Te Hononga i waenga i te Mumura o te Puku, te Kaumātuatanga, me te Mate a Alzheimer

I ngā tau tata nei, kua noho te whanaungatanga i waenga i ngā microbiota puku me ngā mate pūnaha io hei wāhi rangahau nui. Kei te piki haere te maha o ngā taunakitanga e whakaatu ana ka pā pea te mumura o te puku (pēnei i te turuturu o te puku me te dysbiosis) ki te haere whakamua o ngā mate neurodegenerative, inā koa ko te mate a Alzheimer (AD), mā te "tuaka puku-roro". Ka arotakehia e tēnei tuhinga te pikinga o te mumura o te puku i te pakeketanga, ā, ka tūhuratia tōna hononga pea ki te mate AD (pēnei i te β-amyloid deposition me te neuroinflammation), ka whakarato i ngā whakaaro hou mō te wawaotanga wawe o te AD.

1. Kupu Whakataki

Ko te mate a Alzheimer (AD) te mate neurodegenerative tino noa, e tohuhia ana e ngā papa β-amyloid (Aβ) me te pūmua tau hyperphosphorylated. Ahakoa ko ngā āhuatanga ira (hei tauira, APOE4) ngā āhuatanga mōrearea nui mō te AD, ko ngā awe taiao (hei tauira, te kai, te hauora o te puku) ka whai wāhi pea ki te whanaketanga o te AD mā te mumura mau tonu. Ko te puku, hei te okana ārai mate nui rawa atu o te tinana, ka awe pea i te hauora o te roro mā roto i ngā ara maha, inā koa i te wā e koroheke ana.

2. Te mumura o te puku me te koroheketanga

2.1 Te hekenga o te mahi ārai whekau e pā ana ki te koroheketanga
I te pakeketanga, ka heke te kaha o te ārai whekau, ka hua ake te "puku turuturu", ka taea ai e ngā matū huakita (pērā i te lipopolysaccharide, LPS) te uru ki te tohanga toto, ka puta ai te mumura iti o te pūnaha. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka heke te kanorau o ngā tipu whekau i roto i te kaumātua, ka piki ake ngā huakita mumura (pērā i te Proteobacteria), ā, ka heke iho ngā huakita ārai-mumura (pērā i te Bifidobacterium), ka kaha ake te urupare mumura.

2.2 Ngā āhuatanga mumura me te koroheketanga
Ko te mumura iti mau tonu ("te koroheketanga mumura", te mumura) he āhuatanga nui o te koroheketanga. Ko ngā āhuatanga mumura o te puku (pēnei i teIL-6, TNF-α) ka uru ki te roro mā te tohanga toto, ka whakahohe i ngā microglia, ka whakatairanga i te mumura roro, me te whakateretere i te tukanga mate o te AD.

me te whakatairanga i te mumura o te roro, ā, ka tere ake te whanaketanga o te mate AD.

3. Te Hononga i waenganui i te Mumura o te Puku me te Mate a Alzheimer

3.1 Te Dysbiosis o te Puku me te Whakatakotoranga Aβ

Kua whakaatuhia e ngā tauira kararehe ka taea e te whakararuraru o ngā tipu puku te whakanui ake i te whakatakotoranga Aβ. Hei tauira, kua whakaitihia e ngā kiore i rongoatia ki ngā paturopi ngā parakiti Aβ, i te mea kua piki ake ngā taumata Aβ i roto i ngā kiore he dysbiosis. Tērā pea ka pāngia e ētahi matū huakita (pēnei i ngā waikawa ngako mekameka-poto, SCFA) te whakakorenga o te Aβ mā te whakahaere i te mahi microglial.

3.2 Te Tuaka Puku-Roro me te Mumura Neuro

Ka pā te mumura o te puku ki te roro mā roto i ngā ara vagal, pūnaha ārai mate, me ngā ara metabolic:

• Ara vagal: ka tukuna ngā tohu mumura o te puku mā te io vagus ki te CNS, ka pā ki te mahi a te hippocampal me te prefrontal cortex.
• Mumura pūnaha: Ka whakahohehia e ngā wāhanga huakita pēnei i te LPS te microglia me te whakatairanga i te mumura neuro, ka whakanui ake i te pathology tau me te kino neuronal.
• Ngā pānga pākia o te pūnaha io: ka pā pea te dysbiosis o te puku ki te pākia o te tryptophan, ka hua ake he kore taurite o ngā neurotransmitters (hei tauira, 5-HT) me te mahi hinengaro.

3.3 Ngā Taunakitanga Hauora

• He tino rerekē te hanganga o ngā otaota puku o ngā tūroro whai AD i ngā kaumātua hauora, hei tauira, he ōwehenga rerekē o te momo matotoru-pakiwaitara/momo paturopi.
• He hononga pai ngā taumata o te LPS i roto i te toto ki te kaha o te AD.
• Ka whakaitihia e ngā wawaotanga probiotic (hei tauira, Bifidobacterium bifidum) te whakatakotoranga Aβ me te whakapai ake i te mahi hinengaro i roto i ngā tauira kararehe.

4. Ngā Rautaki Wawaotanga Pea

Ngā whakarerekētanga kai: mā te kai Mediterranean he nui te muka ka whakatairanga i te tipu o ngā huakita whai hua me te whakaiti i te mumura.

1. Ngā Pūmua/Ngā Pūmua: mā te tāpiri atu ki ētahi momo huakita motuhake (hei tauira, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) ka pai ake te mahi ārai puku.
2. Ngā maimoatanga ārai-mumura: ko ngā rongoā e aro ana ki te mumura o te puku (hei tauira, ngā aukati TLR4) ka whakaroa pea i te whanaketanga o te AD.
3. Ngā wawaotanga o te āhua noho: mā te whakakori tinana me te whakaiti i te ahotea ka mau tonu te taurite o ngā tipu puku

5. Whakatau me ngā Tirohanga ā-Mārama

Ka piki ake te mumura o te puku i te pakeketanga, ā, ka whai wāhi pea ki te mate o te AD mā te tuaka puku-roro. Me whakamārama ake ngā rangahau ā muri ake nei i te whanaungatanga take i waenga i ngā tipu motuhake me te AD, me te tūhura i ngā rautaki ārai me te maimoatanga o te AD i runga i te whakahaere i ngā tipu puku. Tērā pea ka whakaratohia e ngā rangahau i tēnei wāhanga he whāinga hou mō te wawaotanga wawe i roto i ngā mate neurodegenerative.

Xiamen Baysen Medical Ko mātou o Baysen Medical e arotahi tonu ana ki ngā tikanga tātaritanga hei whakapai ake i te kounga o te oranga. E rima ngā tūāpapa hangarau kua whakawhanakehia e mātou - Latex, koura colloidal, Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, Molecular, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay. Ka arotahi mātou ki te hauora o te puku, me ā mātouWhakamātautau CAL e whakamahia ana hei kite i te mumura i roto i te puku.

Ngā Tohutoro:

1. Vogt, NM, et al. (2017). “Ngā whakarerekētanga o ngā moroiti puku i roto i te mate a Alzheimer.”Ngā Pūrongo Pūtaiao.
2. Dodiya, HB, et al. (2020). "Ka whakanui ake te mumura o te puku i te mate tau i roto i te tauira kiore o te mate a Alzheimer."Pūtaiao Taiao.
3. Franceschi, C., et al. (2018). “Te mumura: he tirohanga hou mō te pūnaha ārai mate me te pūnaha pākia o te tinana mō ngā mate e pā ana ki te koroheketanga.”Arotake Taiao Endocrinology.