I-Ferritin: I-Biomarker Esheshayo Nenembile Yokuhlola Ukuntuleka Kwensimbi kanye Ne-Anemia

Isingeniso

Ukuntuleka kwensimbi kanye ne-anemia kuyizinkinga ezivamile zezempilo emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka, abesifazane abakhulelwe, izingane kanye nabesifazane abaseminyakeni yokuzala. I-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi (IDA) ayithinti nje kuphela ukusebenza ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kwabantu, kodwa futhi ingandisa ingozi yezinkinga zokukhulelwa kanye nokubambezeleka kokukhula ezinganeni. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni kanye nokungenelela kubalulekile. Phakathi kwezinkomba eziningi zokutholwa, i-ferritin isibe ithuluzi elibalulekile lokuhlola ukuntuleka kwensimbi kanye ne-anemia ngenxa yokuzwela kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokucaciswa kwayo. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezici zebhayoloji ze-ferritin, izinzuzo zayo ekuxilongweni kokuntuleka kwensimbi kanye ne-anemia, kanye nenani lokusetshenziswa kwayo emtholampilo.

Izici ZebhayolojiI-Ferritin

I-Ferritiniyiprotheni yokugcina insimbi etholakala kakhulu ezicutshini zomuntu. Ikhiqizwa kakhulu yisibindi, ubende kanye nomnkantsha wamathambo. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukugcina insimbi nokulawula ibhalansi ye-metabolism yensimbi. Egazini, ukuhlushwa kwei-ferritinkuhlobene kahle nemithombo yensimbi yomzimba. Ngakho-ke, i-serumi-ferritinAmazinga angenye yezinkomba ezibucayi kakhulu zesimo sokugcina insimbi emzimbeni. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, izinga le-ferritin kwabesilisa abadala lingaba ngu-30-400 ng/mL, kanti kwabesifazane liba ngu-15-150 ng/mL, kodwa uma kwenzeka ukuntuleka kwensimbi, leli nani lizoncishiswa kakhulu.

Izinzuzo zeI-Ferritinekuhlolweni kokuntuleka kwensimbi

1. Ukuzwela okuphezulu, ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kokuntuleka kwensimbi

Ukuthuthukiswa kokuntuleka kwensimbi kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu:

• Isigaba sokuntuleka kwensimbi: insimbi yokugcina(i-ferritin) iyancipha, kodwa i-hemoglobin ijwayelekile;
• Isigaba se-erythropoiesis sokuntuleka kwensimbi:i-ferritinukwehla okuqhubekayo, ukugcwala kwe-transferrin kuncipha;
• Isigaba se-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi: i-hemoglobin iyancipha, futhi kuvela izimpawu ezivamile ze-anemia.

Izindlela zokuhlola zendabuko (njengokuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin) zingathola kuphela izinkinga esigabeni se-anemia, kuyilaphoi-ferritinUkuhlolwa kungabona ukukhubazeka esigabeni sokuqala sokuntuleka kwensimbi, ngaleyo ndlela kunikeze ithuba lokungenelela kusenesikhathi.

2. Ukucaciswa Okuphezulu, Ukunciphisa Ukuhlonza Okungalungile

Izifo eziningi (njengokuvuvukala okungapheli kanye nokutheleleka) zingabangela i-anemia, kodwa azibangelwa ukuntuleka kwensimbi. Kulesi simo, ukuthembela kuphela ku-hemoglobin noma i-mean corpuscular volume (MCV) kungase kuhlulele imbangela ngendlela engafanele.I-FerritinUkuhlolwa kungahlukanisa ngokunembile i-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi kwezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia (njenge-anemia yesifo esingamahlalakhona), kuthuthukise ukunemba kokuxilonga.

3. Kuyashesha futhi kulula, kufanelekile ukuhlolwa okukhulu

Ubuchwepheshe besimanje bokuhlola amakhemikhali benza ukunqunywa kwe-ferritin kusheshe futhi konge imali, futhi kufanelekile kumaphrojekthi ezempilo yomphakathi njengokuhlolwa komphakathi, ukunakekelwa kwempilo kamama nosana, kanye nokuqapha ukudla kwengane. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlolwa okuhlaselayo okufana nokufaka insimbi yomnkantsha (izinga legolide), ukuhlolwa kwe-ferritin ye-serum kulula ukukukhuthaza.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwezokwelapha kweFerritin Ekuphathweni Kwe-Anemia

1. Ukwelashwa okuqondisiwe kokwengeza insimbi

I-Ferritinamazinga angasiza odokotela ukuthi banqume ukuthi iziguli zidinga yini ukwengezwa kwensimbi futhi baqaphe ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa. Isibonelo:

• I-Ferritin<30 ng/mL: kubonisa ukuthi izinqolobane zensimbi ziphelile futhi kudingeka ukwengezwa kwensimbi;
• I-Ferritin<15 ng/mL: kubonisa kakhulu i-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi;
• Uma ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle, i-ferritin amazinga azokhuphuka kancane kancane futhi angasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle

1. Ukwengezwa Kwensimbi Okuqondisayo

I-Ferritinamazinga asiza odokotela ukuthi banqume isidingo sokwelashwa ngensimbi futhi baqaphe ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa. Isibonelo:

• I-Ferritin<30 ng/mL: Kubonisa ukuthi izitolo zensimbi eziphelelwe yisikhathi, ezidinga ukungezelelwa.
• I-Ferritin<15 ng/mL: Kusikisela kakhulu i-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi.
• Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ukukhuphukai-ferritinamazinga aqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelapha.

2. Ukuhlolwa kwemiphakathi ekhethekile

• Abesifazane abakhulelwe: isidingo sensimbi siyanda ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kanyei-ferritinukuhlolwa kungavimbela izinkinga zikamama nosana.
• Izingane: ukuntuleka kwensimbi kuthinta intuthuko yobuchopho, futhi ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungathuthukisa ukubikezela.
• Iziguli ezinezifo ezingamahlalakhona: njengeziguli ezinesifo sezinso kanye nesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo,i-ferritin Kuhlanganiswe nokugcwala kwe-transferrin kungakhomba uhlobo lwe-anemia.

Imikhawulo yeI-FerritinUkuhlolwa Nezixazululo

Nakuba i-ferritin iyisibonakaliso esithandwayo sokuhlolwa kokuntuleka kwensimbi, idinga ukuhunyushwa ngokucophelela kwezinye izimo:

• Ukuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka:I-Ferritin, njengeprotheni ye-acute phase reactant, ingase iphakanyiswe ngokungeyikho ekuthelelekeni, emvuleni noma ekuvuvukeni okungapheli. Kulesi simo, ingahlanganiswa neIphrotheni e-C-reactive (CRP) ori-transferrinukugcwala kokwahlulela okuphelele.
• Isifo sesibindi:I-Ferritinezigulini ezine-cirrhosis zinganda ngenxa yokulimala kwamangqamuzana esibindi futhi kudinga ukuhlolwa kanye nezinye izinkomba ze-iron metabolism.

Isiphetho

I-FerritinUkuhlolwa sekuyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlola ukuntuleka kwensimbi kanye ne-anemia ngenxa yokuzwela kwayo okuphezulu, ukucaca kanye nokulula. Akukwazi nje ukubona ukuntuleka kwensimbi kusenesikhathi futhi kugweme ukuqhubeka kwe-anemia, kodwa futhi kuqondisa ukwelashwa okunembile futhi kuthuthukise ukubikezela kwesiguli. Empilweni yomphakathi kanye nasemtholampilo, ukukhuthazwa kwei-ferritin Ukuhlolwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni umthwalo wesifo we-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi, ikakhulukazi kumaqembu asengozini enkulu (njengabesifazane abakhulelwe, izingane kanye neziguli ezinezifo ezingamahlalakhona). Esikhathini esizayo, ngentuthuko yobuchwepheshe bokuthola,i-ferritin ingadlala indima enkulu ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni i-anemia emhlabeni jikelele.

I-Baysen Medical ihlala igxile ebuchwephesheni bokuxilonga ukuze ithuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo. Sithuthukise amapulatifomu obuchwepheshe ayi-5 - i-Latex, igolide le-colloidal, i-Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay, i-Molecular, i-Chemiluminescence Immunoassay, i-OurIkhithi yokuhlola i-Ferritin ukusebenza okulula futhi ungathola umphumela wokuhlolwa ngemizuzu eyi-15