I-fecal calprotectin (FC) yiproteni ebopha i-calcium engama-36.5 kDa ebanga i-60% yeeproteni ze-neutrophil cytoplasmic kwaye iqokelelwa kwaye isebenze kwiindawo zokudumba kwamathumbu ize ikhutshwe iye kwindle.

I-FC ineempawu ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji, kuquka imisebenzi yokulwa neentsholongwane, yokulawula amasosha omzimba, kunye neyokuthintela ukwanda kwamagciwane. Ngokukodwa, ubukho be-FC buhambelana ngobuninzi nokufuduka kwee-neutrophils ziye kwindlela yokugaya ukutya. Ke ngoko, luphawu oluluncedo lokudumba kwamathumbu ukufumanisa ubukho kunye nobunzima bokudumba kwamathumbu.

Kungathatha amanyathelo amane kuphela ukusuka ekuvuvukeni kwamathumbu ukuya kumhlaza: ukuvuvuka kwamathumbu -> ii-polyps zamathumbu -> i-adenoma -> umhlaza wamathumbu. Le nkqubo ithatha iminyaka okanye amashumi eminyaka, inika amathuba aneleyo okuhlolwa kwangethuba kwezifo zamathumbu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba abantu abaninzi bengayinaki i-test yangethuba, uninzi lweemeko zomhlaza wamathumbu zifunyaniswa zikwinqanaba eliphezulu.

Ngokwedatha eqinisekisiweyo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emi-5 yomhlaza we-colorectal kwinqanaba lokuqala linokufikelela kwi-90% ukuya kwi-95%. Ukuba yi-carcinoma in situ (inqanaba lokuqala), izinga lokunyangwa lisondele kwi-100%. Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emi-5 yomhlaza we-colorectal kwinqanaba lokugqibela lingaphantsi kwe-10%. Ezi datha zibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ukuhlolwa kwangoko kubalulekile ekuphuculeni amazinga okusinda kunye nokunyanga kwizigulana ezinomhlaza wamathumbu. Okwangoku, ezinye iingcali zicebise ukuba abantu abaqhelekileyo kufuneka bahlolwe kwangoko umhlaza wamathumbu emva kweminyaka engama-40, kwaye abantu abanembali yosapho okanye ezinye izinto ezinobungozi obukhulu kufuneka bahlolwe kwangoko.

I-reagent yokuchongwa kweCalprotectinyimveliso engenabuhlungu, engangenisi ntsholongwane, elula ukuyisebenzisa esetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ubungakanani bokuvuvukala kwamathumbu kunye nokunceda ekuxilongweni kwezifo ezinxulumene nokuvuvukala kwamathumbu (isifo samathumbu esivuthayo, i-adenoma, umhlaza we-colorectal). Ukuba uvavanyo lwe-calprotectin alubonisi ukuba luchanekile, akufuneki wenze i-colonoscopy okwangoku. Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zichanekile, musa ukoyika kakhulu. Uninzi lweziphumo ze-post-colonoscopy zizilonda ezingaphambi komhlaza ezifana ne-adenomas. Ezi zilonda zinokulawulwa ngempumelelo ngokungenelela kwangoko.