Isuzuma ry'amaraso y'umwanda (FOBT)
Igipimo cy'amaraso yo mu ishyamba ry'inzitane ni iki?
Isuzuma ry'amaraso y'umwanda (FOBT) rireba icyitegererezo cy'umwanda wawe (umwanda) kugira ngo barebe niba nta maraso ufite. Amaraso y'umwanda bivuze ko udashobora kuyabona n'amaso. Kandi umwanda bivuze ko uri mu mwanda wawe.

Amaraso mu mwanda wawe bivuze ko hari amaraso mu nzira y'igogora. Kuva amaraso bishobora guterwa n'indwara zitandukanye, harimo:

Polyps, imikurire idasanzwe ku gice cy'amara cyangwa uruziga
Hemorrhoids, imitsi yabyimbye mu kibuno cyawe cyangwa mu gituza
Diverticulosis, indwara ifite udufuka duto mu rukuta rw'imbere rw'amara
Ibisebe, ibisebe mu gice cy'igogora
Colitis, ubwoko bw'indwara yo kubyimba amara
Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura, ubwoko bwa kanseri itangirira mu mara cyangwa mu nda
Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura ni imwe mu ndwara zikunze kugaragara cyane muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Gupima amaraso y'inkondo y'umura bishobora gupima kanseri y'inkondo y'umura kugira ngo bifashe kumenya iyi ndwara hakiri kare mu gihe uburyo bwo kuyivura bushobora kuba bwiza cyane.

Andi mazina: FOBT, amaraso y’umwanda, ikizamini cy’amaraso y’ubupfumu, ikizamini cya Hemoccult, ikizamini cya guaiac smear, gFOBT, FOBT y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, iFOBT; FIT

Ikoreshwa iki?
Ikizamini cy’amaraso y’umwanda gikunze gukoreshwa nk’ikizamini cyo gusuzuma kanseri y’inkondo y’umura mbere yuko ugaragaza ibimenyetso. Ikizamini gifite n’izindi nyungu. Gishobora gukorwa iyo hari impungenge z’uko amaraso ava mu nzira y’igogora aturutse ku zindi ndwara.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ikizamini gikoreshwa mu gufasha kumenya icyateye amaraso make. Kandi gishobora gufasha kumenya itandukaniro riri hagati y’indwara yo mu mara iterwa n’imitsi (IBS), ubusanzwe idatera kuva amaraso, n’indwara yo mu mara iterwa n’imitsi (IBD), ishobora gutera kuva amaraso.

Ariko ikizamini cy’amaraso y’inkazi cyonyine ntigishobora gusuzuma indwara iyo ari yo yose. Niba ibisubizo by’ibizamini byawe bigaragaza amaraso mu mwanda wawe, ushobora gukenera ibindi bipimo kugira ngo umenye impamvu nyayo.

Kuki nkeneye gupimwa amaraso y’umwanda?
Umuganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ko upimwa amaraso y’inkondo y’umura mu gihe ufite ibimenyetso by’indwara ishobora gutera kuva amaraso mu gifu. Cyangwa ushobora gupimwa kugira ngo umenye niba nta bimenyetso ufite.

Impuguke mu by'ubuvuzi zisaba cyane ko abantu bajya bapimwa kanseri y'inkondo y'umura buri gihe. Inyinshi mu nzego z'ubuvuzi zisaba ko watangira gupimwa ufite imyaka 45 cyangwa 50 niba ufite ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'inkondo y'umura. Bakugira inama yo gupimwa buri gihe kugeza nibura ku myaka 75. Vugana n'umuganga wawe ku byago byawe byo kurwara kanseri y'inkondo y'umura n'igihe ugomba gupimwa.

Ikizamini cy'amaraso y'inkazi ni ubwoko bumwe cyangwa bwinshi bw'ibizamini byo gupima amara y'inkazi. Ibindi bizamini birimo:

Ikizamini cya ADN y'umwanda. Iki kizamini gisuzuma amaraso n'uturemangingo tw'umwanda wawe hamwe n'impinduka mu miterere y'uturemangingo zishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya kanseri.
Colonoscopy cyangwa sigmoidoscopy. Ibipimo byombi bikoresha umuyoboro muto ufite kamera kugira ngo urebe imbere mu mara yawe. Colonoscopy yemerera umuganga wawe kubona amara yawe yose. Sigmoidoscopy yerekana igice cyo hasi cy'amara yawe gusa.
CT colonography, kandi yitwa "virtual colonoscopy." Kuri iki kizamini, ubusanzwe unywa irangi mbere yo gukora CT scan ikoresha x-rays kugira ngo ufate amafoto arambuye y'amara yawe yose n'amara.
Hari ibyiza n'ibibi bya buri bwoko bw'ikizamini. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya ikizamini kikubereye.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo gupima amaraso y’umwanda?
Ubusanzwe, umuganga wawe azaguha agakoresho ko gukusanya ingero z'umwanda wawe (umwanda) mu rugo. Agakoresho kazaba karimo amabwiriza y'uko wakora ikizamini.

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo gupima amaraso y'umwanda:

Ikizamini cy'amaraso y'umwanda wa guaiac (gFOBT) gikoresha imiti (guaiac) kugira ngo gishake amaraso mu mwanda. Akenshi bisaba ibizamini by'umwanda bivuye mu mara abiri cyangwa atatu atandukanye.
Ikizamini cya FIT gipima indwara z’imyororokere mu mara (iFOBT cyangwa FIT) gikoresha uturemangingo kugira ngo gishake amaraso mu mwanda. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ikizamini cya FIT ari cyo cyiza mu kubona kanseri y’inkondo y’umura kurusha ikizamini cya gFOBT. Ikizamini cya FIT gisaba ibizamini by’umwanda kuva ku mara imwe kugeza kuri eshatu zitandukanye, bitewe n’ubwoko bw’ikizamini.
Ni ingenzi cyane gukurikiza amabwiriza azanwa n'ibikoresho byawe byo gupima. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukusanya icyitegererezo cy'isuku akenshi bukubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

Gukusanya uburyo bwo kwiyuhagira. Agasanduku kawe gashobora kuba gafite urupapuro rwihariye rwo gushyira ku musarani wawe kugira ngo umenye uburyo bwo kwiyuhagira. Cyangwa ushobora gukoresha pulasitiki cyangwa agakoresho gasukuye kandi kumutse. Niba urimo gukora ikizamini cya guaiac, witondere ko inkari zitavangira mu mwanda wawe.
Gufata icyitegererezo cy'umwanda uvuye mu mara. Ibikoresho byawe bizaba birimo inkoni y'igiti cyangwa uburoso bwo gukurura umwanda uvuye mu mara. Kurikiza amabwiriza y'aho wakura icyitegererezo mu mara.
Gutegura icyitegererezo cy'umwanda. Uzasiga umwanda ku ikarita yihariye yo gupima cyangwa ushyiremo agakoresho gakoresha icyitegererezo cy'umwanda mu muyoboro wazanye n'ibikoresho byawe.
Gushyiraho ikimenyetso no gufunga icyitegererezo nk'uko byategetswe.
Gusubiramo ikizamini ku ikoreshwa ry'amara rikurikira nk'uko byagenwe niba hakenewe ingero zirenze imwe.
Kohereza ingero nk'uko byategetswe.
Ese hari icyo nkeneye gukora kugira ngo nitegure ikizamini?
Ikizamini cya "immunochemical immunochemical" cyo mu mwenda (FIT) ntigisaba kwitegura, ariko ikizamini cya "guaiac fecal occult blood test" (gFOBT) kirasaba. Mbere yuko usuzuma "gFOBT", umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kwirinda ibiryo bimwe na bimwe n'imiti bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bisubizo by'ikizamini.

Mu minsi irindwi mbere yo kwipimisha, ushobora kwirinda:

Imiti igabanya ubushyuhe itari iya steroide (NSAIDs), nka ibuprofen, naproxen, na aspirine. Niba ufata aspirine yo kuvura indwara z'umutima, vugana n'umuganga wawe mbere yo guhagarika imiti yawe. Ushobora gufata acetaminophen muri iki gihe ariko banza ubaze umuganga wawe mbere yo kuyifata.
Vitamine C irenga miligarama 250 ku munsi. Ibi birimo vitamine C ikomoka ku nyongeramusaruro, imitobe y'imbuto, cyangwa imbuto.
Mu minsi itatu mbere yo kwipimisha, ushobora kwirinda:

Inyama zitukura, nk'inyama z'inka, inyama z'intama n'ingurube. Uduce tw'amaraso tuva muri izi nyama dushobora kugaragara mu gitereko cyawe.
Ese hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ikizamini?
Nta ngaruka zizwi zo gupimwa amaraso y’umwanda.

Ibisubizo bivuze iki?
Niba ibisubizo byawe bivuye mu isuzuma ry’amaraso y’umwanda w’umwanda bigaragaza ko ufite amaraso mu mwanda wawe, bivuze ko ushobora kuba ufite amaraso ahantu runaka mu nzira y’igifu cyawe. Ariko ibyo ntibivuze ko buri gihe urwaye kanseri. Izindi ndwara zishobora gutera amaraso mu mwanda wawe zirimo ibisebe, hemorrhoids, polyps, na kanseri itagira ingaruka mbi (atari kanseri).

Niba ufite amaraso mu mwanda wawe, umuganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukorerwa ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo umenye aho amaraso yawe aherereye n'icyateye. Ikizamini gikunze gukurikiranwa ni colonoscopy. Niba ufite ibibazo ku bisubizo by'ibizamini byawe, vugana n'umuganga wawe.

Menya byinshi ku bijyanye n'ibizamini byo muri laboratwari, ingero z'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi, no gusobanukirwa ibisubizo.

Ese hari ikindi kintu ngomba kumenya ku bijyanye no gupima amaraso y’umwanda?
Gupima kanseri y'inkondo y'umura buri gihe, nko gupima amaraso y'umwanda, ni ingenzi mu kurwanya kanseri. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko gupima kanseri bishobora gufasha kubona kanseri hakiri kare kandi bishobora kugabanya impfu zikomoka kuri iyo ndwara.

Niba uhisemo gukoresha uburyo bwo gupima amaraso y’umwanda mu gihe cyo gupima kanseri y’inkondo y’umura, uzakenera gukora ikizamini buri mwaka.

Ushobora kugura ibikoresho byo gukusanya intebe za gFOBT na FIT nta muganga waguhaye. Ibyinshi muri ibi bizamini bisaba ko wohereza icyitegererezo cy'intebe yawe muri laboratwari. Ariko ibizamini bimwe na bimwe bishobora gukorerwa mu rugo gusa kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo byihuse. Niba urimo gutekereza kugura ikizamini cyawe, baza umuganga wawe icyo ari cyo cyiza kuri wewe.

Erekana amareferensi
Ingingo zijyanye n'ubuzima
Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura
Kuva amaraso mu gifu
Ibizamini by'ubuvuzi bifitanye isano
Anoscopy
Ibizamini byo kwa muganga mu rugo
Ibipimo byo gupima kanseri y'inkondo y'umura
Uburyo bwo guhangana n'ubwoba bwo gupimwa kwa muganga
Uburyo bwo kwitegura ikizamini cya laboratwari
Uburyo bwo gusobanukirwa ibisubizo bya Laboratwari yawe
Ibipimo by'ubushyuhe bw'amaraso mu mubiri
Uturemangingo tw'amaraso (WBC) mu gituba
Amakuru ari kuri uru rubuga ntagomba gukoreshwa nk'igisimbuzo cy'ubuvuzi bw'umwuga cyangwa inama. Hamagara umuganga niba ufite ibibazo ku buzima bwawe.