Ciwon daji na hanji

Ciwon daji na hanji (CRC, gami da ciwon dubura da ciwon hanji) yana ɗaya daga cikin cututtukan da suka fi yawa a cikin tsarin narkewar abinci.

Ciwon daji na hanji a China ya zama "mai kisa na farko a ƙasa", kusan kashi 50% na masu fama da ciwon daji na ciki suna faruwa ne a China, kuma kashi 60% na masu fama da ciwon daji na tsakiya da na ƙarshe.

Ko da kuwa sabuwar cutar ko mace-mace ce, jimillar adadin cututtukan daji na ciki ya zarce cutar kansar huhu. Ciwon daji na hanji shi ne mafi sauƙin warkewa daga dukkan cututtukan daji ta hanyar yin gwaji da wuri. Shi ne tushen farko na ɗan adam da ya shawo kan cutar kansa. Kashi 5% ne kawai na cututtukan daji na hanji na ƙasar Sin aka gano da wuri, kuma an gano kashi 60-70% na marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar kansar hanji suna da ƙwayoyin lymph ko kuma ƙwayoyin cuta masu nisa. Yawan sake dawowa ya kai kashi 30%.

Japan da Koriya ta Kudu suma ƙasashe ne da ke da yawan kamuwa da cutar kansar ciki, amma adadin waɗanda suka kamu da cutar da wuri shine kashi 50-60%, kuma fiye da kashi 90% na marasa lafiya za a iya warkar da su. Bincike na cikin gida da na ƙasashen waje ya nuna cewa matakan tantance cutar kansar hanji na iya rage yawan mace-mace da mace-macen da ke tattare da cutar kansar hanji.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ban da Turai, Arewacin Amurka, Japan, Singapore, Koriya ta Kudu, Taiwan, da Hong Kong, an gudanar da manyan gwaje-gwaje na ƙasa da gwamnati ta jagoranta. Gwajin farko don gano cutar kansar ciki yana da damar warkewa gaba ɗaya, tare da babban mahimmanci ga zamantakewa da darajar kasuwa.

Faruwar cutar kansar hanji tsari ne mai tsawo. Daga polyps zuwa hyperplasia mara kyau zuwa ciwon daji, yawanci yakan ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo, wanda ke ba da lokaci don tantance cutar kansar hanji. Ingancin tantancewa da maganin gaggawa da wuri na iya rage yawan kamuwa da cutar kansa da kashi 60% da kuma mace-mace da kashi 80%.

2, Muhimmancin calprotectin a gwajin aikin hanji

Calprotectin furotin ne mai ɗaure sinadarin calcium-zinc wanda aka samo daga neutrophils da macrophages, wanda nauyin kwayoyin halitta ya kai 36,000, wani heterodimer ne da aka samar ta hanyar haɗin da ba na covalent ba na sarkar MRP14 guda biyu masu nauyi da sarkar haske guda ɗaya MRP8, wanda ke cikin S100. Sunadaran iyali.

Ta hanyar zurfafa bincike da kuma tabbatar da asibiti, calprotectin yana da babban tasiri wajen gano cutar kansar hanji kuma matakin ƙari ba ya shafar sa, wanda za a iya samu a farkon lokacin da ba shi da alamun cutar. Ana iya amfani da shi azaman alamar tantance cutar kansar hanji.

Jin daɗin gwajin jinin calprotectin na hanji, gwajin jinin occult na hanji da kuma gwajin CEA na jini don ciwon daji na hanji sun kai kashi 88.51%, 83.91% da 44.83%, bi da bi. Adadin gwajin jinin occult na hanji da kuma gwajin CEA na jini a cikin jini a cikin marasa lafiya da matakin D da mataki A ya yi ƙasa sosai fiye da na marasa lafiya da matakin C da D. Babu wani bambanci mai mahimmanci a cikin ƙimar calprotectin na hanji mai kyau a cikin marasa lafiya da matakai daban-daban na Dukes.

Jin daɗin ganewar cutar calprotectin ta hanji ga ciwon dubura ya kai kashi 92.7%, kuma ƙimar hasashen NPV ta mummunan ta kai kashi 98.6%. Calprotectin ta hanji ga ciwon dubura, ≥10mm jimlar ƙimar hasashen NPV ta mummunan ta kai kashi 97.2%.

Zuwa yanzu, ƙasashe sama da 20 kamar Amurka, Birtaniya, Kanada, Faransa, Jamus, da Switzerland sun yi amfani da calprotectin a matsayin muhimmiyar alama don tantance cututtukan hanji da ciwon daji a cikin mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan hanji, kuma sun kimanta cututtukan hanji. Ana amfani da alamun da ke aiki da warkarwa sosai a aikin asibiti.

3, Fa'idodin gano ƙwayoyin cuta na calprotectin da jinin ɓoye tare da kimanta haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansar hanji

1. Sauƙin aiki: samfuri ɗaya, sakamakon gwaji da yawa
2. Ba ya ƙara wahalar aiki da farashin kayan aikin: an sanya kayan aikin, kuma an sanya kayan aikin bisa ga buƙatun.
3. Babban hankali da takamaiman bayani: kumburi a cikin fitsari, zubar jini a cikin ciki
4. Ci gaba a matakin tantancewa da wuri: ƙara yiwuwar gwajin adenocarcinoma da polyps
5. Ƙananan kuɗin ganowa, ana iya amfani da shi azaman magudanar ruwa na colonoscopy
6. Juriya: gwajin rukuni na shekara-shekara

Alamomin da suka fi yawa na ciwon daji na hanji:

Kumburin hanji - calprotectin, matakin Dukes shine matakin A da B marasa lafiya da gwajin jini na asiri kuma ƙimar CEA mai kyau ta jini ta yi ƙasa sosai fiye da marasa lafiya da matakin C da D, Dukes matakai daban-daban na majiyyaci, ƙimar calprotectin mai kyau ta najasa bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci.

Zubar da jini a cikin hanji - jinin asiri, transferrin. Zubar da jini a cikin hanji yana nufin asarar jini ta hanyar hanyar narkewar abinci saboda dalilai daban-daban. Abubuwan da suka fi faruwa sun haɗa da kumburin hanyar narkewar abinci, lalacewar injiniya, cututtukan jijiyoyin jini, ƙari, da cututtukan da ke cikin hanji a cikin hanyar narkewar abinci. Gwajin jinin asiri hanya ce ta yau da kullun kuma mai mahimmanci don gano zubar jini a cikin hanji.

4, Hanyar gano najasar calprotectin

Ana iya amfani da kayan gwajin calprotectin ɗinmu (hanyar colloidal gold) kaɗai don gano calprotectin a cikin samfuran bayan gida na ɗan adam. Haka kuma ana iya amfani da shi tare da jerin gwaje-gwajen rigakafi na WIZ.

Kayan gwajin calprotectin (fluorescence immunochromatography) na iya cimma gano adadi, ƙimar lambobi daidai, da kuma kewayon layi mai faɗi, don cimma tasirin bambance cututtukan hanji.

Ana amfani da kayan gwajin jini na asiri (hanyar colloidal gold) don gano sinadarin haemoglobin na ɗan adam a cikin najasar ɗan adam, wanda ya dace da ganewar zubar jini a cikin hanji.