Epulo 13, 2026 - Kwa zaka zoposa zana, insulin yakhalabe maziko a chithandizo cha matenda a shuga, kusintha matenda omwe adapha kamodzi kukhala matenda osatha. Homoni iyi idapezeka mu 1921 ndi Frederick Banting ndi Charles Best, kuyambira pamenepo yapulumutsa miyoyo ya anthu mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Insulin imapangidwa mwachilengedwe ndi maselo a beta mu kapamba. Imagwira ntchito ngati kiyi, kutsegula maselo kuti alole shuga wochokera m'magazi kulowa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphamvu. Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, chitetezo chamthupi chimawononga maselo a beta awa, zomwe zimapangitsa thupi kulephera kupanga insulin. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri amatha kupanga insulin yokwanira kapena kukhala osalimba ku zotsatira zake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga m'magazi akhale wokwera kwambiri.

Popanda chithandizo cha insulin, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amakumana ndi mavuto omwe angawopseze moyo monga matenda a shuga a ketoacidosis (DKA), pomwe thupi limaphwanya mafuta kuti likhale mafuta, ndikupanga ma acid oopsa otchedwa ketones. Shuga wambiri m'magazi angayambitsenso kulephera kwa impso, khungu, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, komanso matenda a mtima.

Zaka 20 zapitazi zakhala ndi zatsopano zodabwitsa pakutumiza insulin. Mapeni a insulin anzeru tsopano amalumikizana ndi mapulogalamu am'manja, kutsatira mlingo ndikupereka zikumbutso. Ma glucometer osalekeza (CGMs) amapereka kuwerenga shuga m'magazi nthawi yeniyeni, kuchenjeza ogwiritsa ntchito za kuchuluka ndi kuchepa koopsa. Machitidwe otsekedwa a hybrid, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ukadaulo wochita kupanga wa kapamba, amasinthira yokha kutumiza insulin kutengera deta ya CGM, kuchepetsa kwambiri nkhawa yopangira zisankho nthawi zonse.

Komabe, kusiyana kwakukulu padziko lonse lapansi kukupitirirabe. Ngakhale kuti ma analog atsopano a insulin ndi mapampu apamwamba ndi ofala m'maiko omwe ali ndi ndalama zambiri, mayiko ambiri omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa komanso zapakati akadali ndi vuto lopeza ngakhale insulin yofunikira kwambiri ya anthu. Malinga ndi bungwe la World Health Organization, pafupifupi theka la anthu onse omwe amafunikira insulin padziko lonse lapansi sangayipeze kapena kuigula. Mtengo wokwera - makamaka m'maiko ngati United States - wapangitsa kuti pakhale kugawa chakudya, zomwe zadzetsa zotsatirapo zoopsa.

Kuyesetsa kuthetsa kusiyana kumeneku kukuchitika. Mabungwe osapindula monga Life for a Child ndi opanga insulin akukulitsa mapulogalamu opereka chithandizo. Mankhwala ofanana ndi insulin akuyamba kulowa m'misika, akupereka njira zina zotsika mtengo.

Pamene ofufuza akufufuza ma insulin omwe amagwira ntchito nthawi yayitali, njira zamakono zoyankhira shuga, komanso ngakhale kuyika maselo a beta omwe ali mkati, tsogolo lili ndi chiyembekezo. Komabe popanda mwayi wofanana, chozizwitsa cha insulin sichingatheke kwa ambiri. Tsiku la Matenda a Shuga Padziko Lonse, lomwe limakondwerera chaka chilichonse pa Novembala 14, likupitilizabe kulimbikitsa "Insulin kwa Onse" - cholinga chomwe chili chofunikira kwambiri masiku ano monga momwe chinalili zaka 105 zapitazo.

Ife a Baysen medical tili nawoKiti yoyesera insulin mwachangukuti mudziwe matenda a shuga msanga. Takulandirani ku mafunso!