13 Mata 2026 – Mu gihe kirenga ikinyejana, insuline yakomeje kuba inkingi ikomeye mu kuvura diyabete, ihindura indwara yahitanye umuntu ihinduka indwara idakira. Iyi hormone yavumbuwe mu 1921 na Frederick Banting na Charles Best, kuva icyo gihe yarokoye ubuzima bwa za miriyoni ku isi.

Insulini ikorwa mu buryo busanzwe n'uturemangingo twa beta two mu ipanjisi. Ikora nk'urufunguzo, igafungura uturemangingo kugira ngo isukari yo mu maraso yinjire kandi ikoreshwe mu gutanga ingufu. Ku bantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri busenya utwo turemangingo twa beta, bigatuma umubiri utabasha gukora insuline. Abarwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bashobora gukora insuline idahagije cyangwa bakagira ubudahangarwa ku ngaruka zayo, bigatuma isukari yo mu maraso izamuka cyane.

Iyo abantu badafite imiti ya insuline, bahura n’ingorane zishobora gushyira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga nka ketoacidosis ya diyabete (DKA), aho umubiri uvunagura ibinure kugira ngo bibe ibikomoka ku binyabutabire, bigatuma habaho aside y’uburozi yitwa ketones. Isukari nyinshi mu maraso ishobora no gutera impyiko kunanirwa, ubuhumyi, kwangirika kw’imitsi, ndetse n’indwara z’umutima n’imitsi.

Imyaka 20 ishize yabonye udushya dutangaje mu gutanga insuline. Amakaramu ya insuline agezweho ubu ahuzwa na porogaramu za telefoni zigendanwa, akurikirana ingero kandi atanga ubujyanama. Ibikoresho bipima isukari mu maraso (CGMs) bitanga isuzuma ry’isukari mu maraso mu buryo bwihuse, bikamenyesha abayikoresha ingaruka mbi ku izamuka n’igabanuka ry’isukari. Sisitemu zifunganye, zizwi kandi nk’ikoranabuhanga rya pancreas y’ubukorano, zihindura uburyo insuline itangwa hifashishijwe amakuru ya CGM, bikagabanya cyane umutwaro wo gufata ibyemezo buri gihe.

Ariko, hari itandukaniro rikomeye ku isi. Nubwo imiti mishya ya insuline ikoreshwa mu kugabanya imisemburo n'imashini zigezweho ari ibisanzwe mu bihugu bikize, ibihugu byinshi bifite amikoro make n'aciriritse biracyagorwa no kubona insuline y'ibanze cyane ku bantu. Nk'uko Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku Buzima ubivuga, hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'abantu bose bakeneye insuline ku isi ntibashobora kuyibona cyangwa kuyigura. Ikiguzi cyo hejuru—cyane cyane mu bihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika—cyatumye habaho itangwa ry'ibipimo, ndetse n'ingaruka zibabaje.

Ibikorwa byo kuziba iki cyuho birimo gukorwa. Imiryango idaharanira inyungu nka Life for a Child n'inganda zikora insuline irimo kwagura gahunda zo gutanga inkunga. Inzoga zisanzwe zikoresha insuline zirimo kwinjira ku masoko, zitanga ubundi buryo buhendutse.

Mu gihe abashakashatsi basuzuma imiti ya insuline ikora igihe kirekire, imiti ivura isukari, ndetse no gutera utunyangingo twa beta, ahazaza hari icyizere. Nyamara iyo hatabayeho uburyo bungana bwo kuyikoresha, igitangaza cya insuline kiracyari kure y’abantu benshi cyane. Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wa Diyabete, wizihizwa buri mwaka ku ya 14 Ugushyingo, ukomeje gushishikariza “Insulin kuri Bose”—intego yihutirwa cyane uyu munsi nkuko byari bimeze mu myaka 105 ishize.

Twebwe abaganga baysen dufiteAgakoresho ko gupima insuline vubaku ndwara ya diyabete hakiri kare. Murakaza neza mu kiganiro!