I ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o nā luna olakino honua no ka ʻike mua ʻana i ka maʻi HIV, ke hoʻolalelale nei nā mea hana diagnostic i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kahua hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ka antigen p24, me nā hoʻāʻo hanauna ʻehā e hiki ana i ka oʻo kalepa ma nā mākeke he nui.

ʻO ka antigen p24, kahi protein capsid viral, hiki ke ʻike ʻia he 10 a 14 mau lā ma hope o ka maʻi HIV - nā lā ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā antibodies. Ua hoʻolilo kēia pono olaola i ka p24 i kihi o nā hoʻolālā hoʻāʻo HIV hanauna ʻehā, kahi e ʻike ai i ka antigen p24 a me nā antibodies HIV i ka manawa like e hoʻemi i ka wā puka makani diagnostic.

Ka Manawa Kūʻai

Ma WHX Labs Bangkok 2026, ua hōʻike ka mea hana diagnostics Kina ʻo Wondfo i kāna hoʻāʻo wikiwiki HIV hanauna ʻehā i ke Kuhina Nui o Thai ʻo Anutin Charnvirakul, e hōʻike ana i ka hiki o ka assay ke ʻike i ka maʻi ma kahi o hoʻokahi pule ma mua o nā hoʻāʻo antibody-wale nō. Ua hōʻike ka hui i ka 100% sensitivity a me 99.71% specificity no ka hui pū ʻana o ka antibody HIV-1/2 a me ka p24 antigen assay.

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua mālama ʻia nā ʻae ʻana o nā luna hoʻoponopono. Ua ʻae ka FDA i nā kahua ʻike p24 he nui i ka makahiki 2026, me ka DiaSorin's LIAISON MUREX HIV Ab/Ag HT a me Abbott's HIV Combo Next assay no ka paepae Alinity i. Hōʻike nā mea ʻelua i nā chemiluminescent immunoassays i hiki ke ʻike like i ka antigen HIV p24 me nā antibodies i HIV-1 a me HIV-2.

Ua hiki mai kahi hanana koʻikoʻi no ke olakino lehulehu i Iune 2026, i ka wā i hoʻohana ai ʻo Seychelles lāua ʻo Eritrea i ka Determine Antenatal Care Panel a Abbott - ʻo ia ka hoʻāʻo wikiwiki mua i hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻia e ka WHO e hoʻohui ana i ka ʻike ʻana o ka HIV hanauna ʻehā me ka nānā ʻana o ka syphilis a me ka hepatitis B mai kahi hāpana hou manamana lima hoʻokahi.

Nā Palena Noiʻi

Ma waho aʻe o nā diagnostics kalepa, ke alualu nei nā mea noiʻi hoʻonaʻauao i ka ʻike ʻana o ka p24 ultrasensitive ma o nā kahua microfluidic a me nanomaterial. Ua hōʻike koke aku nei kahi hui mai ke Kulanui ʻo Tsinghua i kahi biosensor fluorescence microfluidic e hoʻokō ana i ka palena ʻike 18.48 pg/mL no p24, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻolālā hoʻonui hōʻailona enzyme-free. Ma ke kaʻawale, ua hōʻike nā mea noiʻi i kahi ʻōnaehana microfluidic chemiluminescence cascaded me ka hoʻonohonoho antibody a me ka hoʻonui hōʻailona nanoparticle gula, e kuhikuhi ana i nā noi point-of-care ma nā hoʻonohonoho palena waiwai.

Nā Manaʻo Lapaʻau

ʻOiai nā holomua, ke mau nei nā pilikia. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi 2026 e loiloi ana i ka hoʻāʻo VIDAS DUO AG/AB a bioMérieux e kūʻē i kona mua i nā helu kiʻekiʻe o nā hōʻailona antigen p24 indeterminate i ka wā o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻoi, e hōʻike ana i ka paʻakikī o ka ʻike mua ʻana. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi hou ua ʻike ʻia ka antigen p24 ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā complexes immune i loko o nā laʻana me nā ukana viral ma mua o 10⁴ kope/mL, e hōʻike ana e hiki i nā complexes immune e kahe ana ke uhi i ka ʻike ʻana o ka antigen i kekahi mau hihia.

Mālama ʻo WHO i nā pae hana no ke kūʻai ʻana i ka maʻi HIV, e koi ana i ka 100% sensitivity no nā enzyme immunoassays e ʻike ana i ka anti-HIV-1/2 a me ka HIV-1 p24 antigen, me ka specificity ma a i ʻole ma luna o 98%.

I ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o nā mea hana i nā kahua o ka hanauna ʻehā a me nā mea noiʻi e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā palena ʻike, ua mākaukau nā diagnostics e pili ana i ka antigen p24 e noho kikowaena i nā hoʻolālā honua no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi HIV koʻikoʻi a me ke kāpae ʻana i nā kaulahao hoʻoili.

Hiki iā mākou ʻo Baysen Medical ke hoʻolakoPahu hoʻāʻo wikiwiki HIV/P24me ka hoʻāʻo qualitative a me quantitative. Welina e hoʻokaʻaʻike mai iā mākou inā he koi kāu.