Njengoko abasemagunyeni bezempilo kwihlabathi liphela befuna ukuba kufunyanwe i-HIV kwangoko, abavelisi bokuxilonga bakhawulezisa uphuhliso lwamaqonga ovavanyo olusekelwe kwi-p24 antigen, kunye novavanyo lwesizukulwana sesine ngoku olufikelela kubudala borhwebo kwiimarike ezahlukeneyo.

I-antigen ye-p24, iprotheyini ye-capsid evayirasi, idla ngokubonakala emva kweentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-14 emva kosulelo lwe-HIV — iintsuku ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ii-antibodies. Olu ncedo lwezinto eziphilayo lwenze i-p24 yaba lilitye lesiseko lezicwangciso zovavanyo lwe-HIV zesizukulwana sesine, ezithi ngaxeshanye zibona zombini i-antigen ye-p24 kunye nee-antibodies ze-HIV ukuze zinciphise ixesha lokuxilonga.

Amandla oRhwebo

Kwi-WHX Labs eBangkok ngo-2026, umenzi wezixhobo zokuxilonga waseTshayina iWondfo unikezele uvavanyo lwakhe lwe-HIV olukhawulezileyo lwesizukulwana sesine kwiNkulumbuso yaseThailand u-Anutin Charnvirakul, egxininisa amandla olu vavanyo okufumanisa usulelo malunga neveki enye ngaphambi kovavanyo lwe-antibody kuphela. Le nkampani ibike ukuba ne-100% yobuntununtunu kunye ne-99.71% yovavanyo oludibeneyo lwe-HIV-1/2 antibody kunye ne-p24 antigen.

E-United States, ukuvunywa kwemithetho kuye kwahambelana nesantya. I-FDA iphumelele amaqonga amaninzi okufumanisa i-p24 ngo-2026, kuquka i-DiaSorin's LIAISON MUREX HIV Ab/Ag HT kunye novavanyo lwe-Abbott's HIV Combo Next lweqonga le-Alinity i. Zombini zimele ii-chemiluminescent immunoassays ezinokukwazi ukufumanisa ngaxeshanye i-HIV p24 antigen kunye nee-antibodies kwi-HIV-1 kunye ne-HIV-2.

Isiganeko esibalulekileyo kwimpilo yoluntu senzeke ngoJuni ka-2026, xa iSeychelles kunye ne-Eritrea zamkela i-Abbott's Determine Antenatal Care Panel — uvavanyo lokuqala olukhawulezileyo oluqinisekiswe yi-WHO oludibanisa ukufunyanwa kwe-HIV kwisizukulwana sesine kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-syphilis kunye ne-hepatitis B kwisampulu enye yokuhlatywa ngomnwe.

Imida yoPhando

Ngaphaya kokuxilongwa kwezorhwebo, abaphandi bezemfundo balandela ukufunyanwa kwe-p24 okubonakalayo kakhulu ngokusebenzisa amaqonga asekelwe kwi-microfluidic nakwi-nanomaterial. Iqela elivela kwiYunivesithi yaseTsinghua kutshanje libike ukuba i-microfluidic fluorescence biosensor ifikelele kumda wokufunyanwa kwe-18.48 pg/mL kwi-p24, isebenzisa amaqhinga okukhulisa isignali engena-enzyme. Ngokwahlukileyo, abaphandi babonise inkqubo ye-chemiluminescence microfluidic ene-antibody orientation kunye ne-gold nanoparticle-mediated signal enhancement, ejolise kwizicelo zeendawo zokhathalelo kwiindawo ezinqongopheleyo kwizixhobo.

Izinto eziqwalaselwayo kwiKliniki

Nangona kukho inkqubela phambili, imingeni isaqhubeka. Uphononongo luka-2026 oluvavanya uvavanyo lwe-VIDAS DUO AG/AB lwe-bioMérieux ngokuchasene nolwangaphambili lufumene amazinga aphezulu emiqondiso ye-antigen ye-p24 engacacanga ngexesha lokwahlulwahlulwa kosulelo olukhawulezileyo, nto leyo egxininisa ubunzima bokuxilongwa kwinqanaba lokuqala. Ukongeza, uphando lwakutshanje lubonise ukuba i-antigen ye-p24 ifunyenwe kuphela emva kokuhlukanisa ii-immune complexes kwiisampuli ezinemithwalo yentsholongwane engaphezulu kwe-10⁴ copies/mL, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ii-immune complexes ezijikelezayo zinokufihla ukufunyanwa kwe-antigen kwezinye iimeko.

I-WHO igcina imigangatho yokusebenza yokufumanisa i-HIV, ifuna uvakalelo lwe-100% kwiimvavanyo ze-enzyme immunoasses ezifumanisa i-anti-HIV-1/2 kunye ne-HIV-1 p24 antigen, kunye neenkcukacha ezithile kwi-98% okanye ngaphezulu.

Njengoko abavelisi bephucula amaqonga esizukulwana sesine kwaye abaphandi behlisa imida yokufunyaniswa kwesifo, ukuxilongwa okusekwe kwi-p24 antigen kukulungele ukuhlala kuphambili kwizicwangciso zehlabathi zokuchonga usulelo olukhawulezileyo lwe-HIV kunye nokuphazamisa imixokelelwane yokudlulisela.

Thina iBaysen Medical singabonelelaIkhithi yovavanyo olukhawulezileyo lwe-HIV/P24ngovavanyo lomgangatho kunye nolwamanani. Wamkelekile ukuba unxibelelane nathi ukuba unesidingo.