Pamene akuluakulu azaumoyo padziko lonse lapansi akulimbikitsa kuti anthu adziwe kachilombo ka HIV msanga, opanga matenda akufulumizitsa chitukuko cha nsanja zoyesera ma antigen a p24, ndipo mayeso a mibadwo yachinayi tsopano akufika pamlingo wokulirapo m'misika yambiri.

Antigen ya p24, puloteni ya capsid ya kachilombo, nthawi zambiri imapezeka patatha masiku 10 mpaka 14 kuchokera pamene kachilombo ka HIV kakufalikira - masiku angapo ma antibodies asanatuluke. Ubwino wachilengedwewu wapangitsa kuti p24 ikhale maziko a njira zoyesera kachilombo ka HIV m'badwo wachinayi, zomwe nthawi imodzi zimazindikira ma antibodies a p24 ndi HIV kuti zichepetse nthawi yodziwira matenda.

Kuthamanga kwa Zamalonda

Ku WHX Labs ku Bangkok 2026, wopanga matenda aku China, Wondfo, adapereka mayeso ake achangu a HIV a m'badwo wachinayi kwa Nduna Yaikulu ya Thailand, Anutin Charnvirakul, kuwonetsa kuthekera kwa mayesowa kuzindikira matenda pafupifupi sabata imodzi isanafike mayeso a antibody okha. Kampaniyo idanenanso kuti 100% ndi 99.71% ndi 99.71% ya mayeso ophatikizana a HIV-1/2 antibody ndi p24 antigen.

Ku United States, zilolezo za malamulo zapitirira. FDA yavomereza njira zambiri zodziwira p24 mu 2026, kuphatikizapo DiaSorin's LIAISON MUREX HIV Ab/Ag HT ndi Abbott's HIV Combo Next assay ya Alinity i platform. Zonsezi zikuyimira chemiluminescent immunoassays zomwe zimatha kuzindikira nthawi imodzi HIV p24 antigen pamodzi ndi ma antibodies ku HIV-1 ndi HIV-2.

Chochitika chachikulu pa zaumoyo wa anthu chinachitika mu June 2026, pamene Seychelles ndi Eritrea zinavomereza Abbott's Determine Antenatal Care Panel — mayeso oyamba ofulumira omwe adatsimikiziridwa ndi WHO omwe amaphatikiza kupezeka kwa kachilombo ka HIV m'badwo wachinayi ndi syphilis ndi hepatitis B poyesa kamodzi kokha.

Malire Ofufuza

Kupatula pa matenda amalonda, ofufuza a maphunziro akutsatira njira zodziwira p24 zomwe zimakhala zobisika kwambiri kudzera m'mapulatifomu okhala ndi microfluidic ndi nanomaterial. Gulu lochokera ku Tsinghua University posachedwapa linanena kuti microfluidic fluorescence biosensor yafika pamlingo wozindikira wa 18.48 pg/mL wa p24, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zokulitsa chizindikiro zopanda enzyme. Payokha, ofufuzawo adawonetsa dongosolo la microfluidic la cascaded chemiluminescence lokhala ndi ma antibodies orientation ndi golide nanoparticle-mediated signal enhancement, lolunjika ku ntchito zosamalira m'malo omwe ali ndi zinthu zochepa.

Zoganizira zachipatala

Ngakhale kuti zinthu zapita patsogolo, mavuto akupitirirabe. Kafukufuku wa 2026 wofufuza za mayeso a bioMérieux a VIDAS DUO AG/AB motsutsana ndi omwe adayambitsa adapeza kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa zizindikiro za p24 antigen panthawi yogawa matenda opatsirana mwachangu, zomwe zikuwonetsa zovuta za matenda oyamba. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku waposachedwa wawonetsa kuti p24 antigen imapezeka pokhapokha atachotsa ma immune complexes m'masampulo okhala ndi ma virus opitilira 10⁴ copies/mL, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti ma immune complexes ozungulira amatha kubisa kupezeka kwa antigen nthawi zina.

WHO imasunga miyezo yogwirira ntchito poyesa kupeza matenda a HIV, yomwe imafuna kuti munthu azitha kuzindikira 100% ya ma enzyme immunoasses omwe amazindikira anti-HIV-1/2 ndi HIV-1 p24 antigen, ndipo 98% yokha ndi yomwe imaposa.

Pamene opanga akukonza nsanja za m'badwo wachinayi ndipo ofufuza akuchepetsa malire opezera matenda, kuzindikira matenda pogwiritsa ntchito ma antigen a p24 kwatsala pang'ono kukhala kofunikira kwambiri pa njira zapadziko lonse lapansi zopezera matenda opatsirana mwachangu a HIV ndikuletsa njira zopatsirana.

Ife Baysen Medical titha kuperekaKiti yoyesera mwachangu ya HIV/P24ndi mayeso a qualitative ndi quantitative. Takulandirani kuti mutitumizire uthenga ngati mukufuna.