Ka ndị ọrụ ahụike zuru ụwa ọnụ na-agba mbọ maka nchọpụta HIV na mbụ, ndị na-emepụta nchọpụta na-eme ngwa ngwa mmepe nke ikpo okwu nnwale dabere na antigen nke p24, yana nyocha ọgbọ nke anọ ugbu a na-eru ntozu oke azụmaahịa n'ọtụtụ ahịa.

Antigen p24, protein capsid nke nje virus, na-aghọ ihe a na-achọpụtakarị ụbọchị iri ruo iri na anọ mgbe nje HIV butere - ụbọchị tupu ọgwụ mgbochi apụta. Uru dị na bayoloji a emeela ka p24 bụrụ isi ihe dị mkpa n'ime usoro nnwale HIV nke ọgbọ nke anọ, nke na-achọpụta ma antigen p24 na ọgwụ mgbochi HIV n'otu oge iji belata oge nchọpụta.

Ọganihu Azụmaahịa

Na WHX Labs Bangkok 2026, onye na-emepụta nchọpụta ọrịa nke China bụ́ Wondfo gosipụtara nnwale ngwa ngwa HIV nke ọgbọ nke anọ ya nye Praịm Minista Thailand bụ́ Anutin Charnvirakul, na-egosipụta ikike nnwale ahụ nwere ịchọpụta ọrịa ihe dị ka otu izu tupu nnwale ndị na-abụghị naanị antibody. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ kọrọ 100% mmetụta na 99.71% nke nnwale HIV-1/2 antibody na p24 antigen.

Na mba Amerịka, nkwenye iwu anọgidela na-aga n'ihu. FDA ewepụla ọtụtụ nyiwe nchọpụta p24 na 2026, gụnyere DiaSorin's LIAISON MUREX HIV Ab/Ag HT na Abbott's HIV Combo Next assay maka nyiwe Alinity i. Ha abụọ na-anọchite anya ọgwụ mgbochi chemiluminescent nke nwere ike ịchọpụta antigen HIV p24 n'otu oge yana ọgwụ mgbochi HIV-1 na HIV-2.

Ihe dị mkpa mere n'ihe gbasara ahụike ọha na eze na June 2026, mgbe Seychelles na Eritrea nakweere Abbott's Determine Antenatal Care Panel — nnwale ngwa ngwa mbụ WHO kwadoro nke gụnyere nchọpụta HIV nke ọgbọ nke anọ na syphilis na hepatitis B site na otu ihe nlele mkpịsị aka.

Ókèala Nnyocha

E wezụga nchọpụta azụmahịa, ndị nchọpụta agụmakwụkwọ na-achọ nchọpụta p24 nke na-adịghị emetụta ihe dị iche iche site na ikpo okwu microfluidic na nanomaterial. Otu ndị otu si Mahadum Tsinghua kọrọ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na biosensor fluorescence microfluidic na-enweta oke nchọpụta pg/mL 18.48 maka p24, na-eji usoro mmụba mgbaàmà na-enweghị enzyme. N'ụzọ dị iche, ndị nchọpụta gosipụtara sistemụ microfluidic chemiluminescence casced nwere ntụzịaka antibody na nkwalite mgbaàmà na-akwalite ọlaedo nanoparticle, na-elekwasị anya na ngwa nlekọta ebe na ntọala oke akụrụngwa.

Ntụle Ahụike

N'agbanyeghị ọganihu ndị a, ihe ịma aka ka dị. Nnyocha e mere na 2026 nke na-enyocha nnwale VIDAS DUO AG/AB nke bioMérieux mere megide onye bu ya ụzọ chọpụtara na ọnụọgụgụ dị elu nke mgbaàmà antigen p24 na-enweghị nkọwa n'oge nhazi ọrịa dị oke njọ, na-egosi mgbagwoju anya nke nchọpụta mmalite. Na mgbakwunye, nnyocha e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya gosiri na a na-achọpụta antigen p24 naanị mgbe ekewasịrị mgbagwoju anya ahụ ike na ihe nlele nwere ibu nje karịrị 10⁴ kwatuo/mL, na-atụ aro na mgbagwoju anya ahụ ike nwere ike ikpuchi nchọpụta antigen n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.

WHO na-ejigide usoro arụmọrụ maka inweta nchọpụta HIV, na-achọ 100% mmetụta maka enzyme immunoassays na-achọpụta antigen anti-HIV-1/2 na HIV-1 p24, yana nkọwapụta na ma ọ bụ karịa 98%.

Ka ndị nrụpụta na-emeziwanye ikpo okwu ọgbọ nke anọ na ndị nchọpụta na-akwalite oke nchọpụta dị ala, nchọpụta dabere na antigen p24 dị njikere ịnọgide na-abụ isi ihe dị mkpa na atụmatụ ụwa maka ịchọpụta ọrịa HIV dị oke njọ na ịkwụsị usoro nnyefe.

Anyị Baysen Medical nwere ike inyeNgwa nnwale ngwa ngwa HIV/P24na ule qualitative na quantitative. Nnọọ ịkpọtụrụ anyị ma ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ.