Njengoba iziphathimandla zezempilo zomhlaba wonke zicindezela ukutholakala kwe-HIV kusenesikhathi, abakhiqizi bokuxilonga basheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamapulatifomu okuhlola asekelwe ku-p24 antigen, kanti ukuhlolwa kwesizukulwane sesine manje sekufinyelele ekuvuthweni kwezentengiselwano ezimakethe eziningi.

I-antigen ye-p24, iphrotheni ye-capsid egciwane, ivame ukutholakala ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-14 ngemva kokutheleleka nge-HIV — izinsuku ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ama-antibodies. Le nzuzo yezinto eziphilayo yenze i-p24 yaba yitshe lesisekelo lamasu okuhlola i-HIV esizukulwane sesine, athola ngesikhathi esisodwa ama-antigen e-p24 kanye nama-antibodies e-HIV ukuze kuncishiswe isikhathi sokuxilonga.

Umfutho Wezentengiselwano

Ku-WHX Labs eBangkok 2026, umkhiqizi wezokuxilonga waseShayina iWondfo wethule ukuhlolwa kwayo okusheshayo kwe-HIV kwesizukulwane sesine kuNdunankulu waseThailand u-Anutin Charnvirakul, egcizelela ikhono lokuhlolwa kokuthola ukutheleleka cishe isonto elilodwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwama-antibody kuphela. Le nkampani ibike ukuzwela okungu-100% kanye nokucaciswa okungu-99.71% kwe-antibody ehlanganisiwe ye-HIV-1/2 kanye ne-antigen ye-p24.

E-United States, ukuvunyelwa komthetho kuye kwahambisana nesivinini. I-FDA iphumelele amapulatifomu amaningi okuthola i-p24 ngo-2026, okuhlanganisa i-DiaSorin's LIAISON MUREX HIV Ab/Ag HT kanye ne-Abbott's HIV Combo Next assay yepulatifomu ye-Alinity i. Zombili zimelela ukuhlolwa kwe-chemiluminescent immunoassays okukwazi ukuthola i-antigen ye-HIV p24 ngesikhathi esisodwa kanye nama-antibodies e-HIV-1 kanye ne-HIV-2.

Ingqophamlando ebalulekile kwezempilo yomphakathi yafika ngoJuni 2026, lapho iSeychelles ne-Eritrea zamukela i-Abbott's Determine Antenatal Care Panel — ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kokuqala okuqinisekiswe yi-WHO okuhlanganisa ukutholwa kwe-HIV kwesizukulwane sesine nokuhlolwa kwe-syphilis kanye ne-hepatitis B kusuka kusampula eyodwa yokuhlatshwa ngomunwe.

Imingcele Yocwaningo

Ngaphandle kokuxilongwa kwezentengiselwano, abacwaningi bezemfundo baphishekela ukutholwa kwe-p24 okuzwela kakhulu ngamapulatifomu asekelwe ku-microfluidic kanye ne-nanomaterial. Ithimba elivela eNyuvesi yaseTsinghua libike muva nje ukuthi i-microfluidic fluorescence biosensor ifinyelela umkhawulo wokutholwa kwe-pg/mL ongu-18.48 we-p24, isebenzisa amasu okukhulisa isignali angenayo i-enzyme. Ngokwehlukana, abacwaningi babonise uhlelo lwe-chemiluminescence microfluidic olune-cascaded chemiluminescence olune-antibody orientation kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesignali okuqondiswa yi-gold nanoparticle, okuqondiswe ezinhlelweni zokunakekelwa ezindaweni ezilinganiselwe izinsiza.

Izinto Ezicatshangelwayo Zomtholampilo

Naphezu kwentuthuko, izinselele ziyaqhubeka. Ucwaningo lwango-2026 oluhlola ukuhlolwa kwe-VIDAS DUO AG/AB kwe-bioMérieux ngokumelene nolwandulelayo luthole amazinga aphezulu ezimpawu ze-antigen ze-p24 ezingacacile ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kokutheleleka okunamandla, okugcizelela ubunzima bokuxilongwa kwesigaba sokuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lwamuva lubonise ukuthi i-antigen ye-p24 itholakale kuphela ngemva kokuhlukanisa ama-immune complexes kumasampula anemithwalo yegciwane engaphezu kwamakhophi ayi-10⁴/mL, okuphakamisa ukuthi ama-immune complexes ajikelezayo angafihla ukutholwa kwe-antigen kwezinye izimo.

I-WHO igcina izindlela zokusebenza zokuthola ukuxilonga i-HIV, idinga ukuzwela okungu-100% kokuhlolwa kwe-enzyme immunoasses okubona i-anti-HIV-1/2 kanye ne-HIV-1 p24 antigen, ngokucaciswa okungu-98% noma ngaphezulu.

Njengoba abakhiqizi bethuthukisa amapulatifomu esizukulwane sesine futhi abacwaningi behlisa imikhawulo yokuthola, ukuxilongwa okusekelwe ku-p24 antigen kulungele ukuhlala kuyisici esibalulekile emasu omhlaba wonke okuhlonza ukutheleleka kwe-HIV okubukhali nokuphazamisa uchungechunge lokudlulisela.

Thina iBaysen Medical singakunikezaIkhithi yokuhlola okusheshayo ye-HIV/P24ngokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokwezibalo. Siyakwamukela ukuthi usithinte uma unesidingo.